RAL xim qauv (RAL). RAL yog dab tsi

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Cov kab lus qhia txog cov qauv xim thoob ntiaj teb RAL (RAL), nws cov tsos, kev txhim kho, siv thiab nws cov yam ntxwv niaj hnub no. Leej twg invented? Dab tsi tshiab no tau coj los rau hauv peb lub neej? Nws ua li cas kom lub neej yooj yim dua rau peb? Hauv thaj chaw twg nws yog siv, siv thiab txhim kho. RAL yog dab tsi? Puas muaj txiaj ntsig? Peb puas tuaj yeem siv nws hauv peb lub neej txhua hnub? Peb tau sim nrhiav kev hloov pauv ntawm cov npe xim sib txawv hauv RAL palette (RAL). Nov yog qhov peb tsab xov xwm hais txog.

Vim li cas RAL nplai tau qhia

Nws nyuaj rau kev xav txog txhua yam uas xav tau ntau dua li qhov xav tau. Thiab xim yog tsis muaj kev zam. Lub npe ntawm cov paj yog ib txwm sib txawv, txawm rau cov kws kos duab thiab cov neeg tsim qauv hauv web. RAL yog dab tsi thiab nws tau tsim kho li cas?

Standardization yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev kawm txuj ci, tsim los tswj kev tsim khoom. Kev nthuav dav ntawm kev tsim khoom yog inevitably txuam nrog kev pom zoo ntawm cov qauv. Yog li ntawd, xyoo 1927, RAL (RAL) tau qhia thawj zaug - German xim qauv. Nws tau tsim los ntawm kev thov ntawm cov kua roj vanish thiab cov xim pleev xim manufacturers uas ntsib qhov teeb meem no. Tias yog vim li cas txhua qhov kev tsim khoom lag luam uas xaiv cov xim yog qhov tseem ceeb (xim thiab kua roj vanish, plastics ntau lawm, thiab lwm yam) paub zoo tias RAL yog dab tsi. Standardization tso cai, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, hais ib yam lus thiab to taub ib leeg rau manufacturers los ntawm txawv teb chaws, vim hais tias es tsis txhob ntawm ib tug complex, ntev thiab feem ntau tsis meej xim txhais, tej yam tsiaj ntawv thiab cov zauv yog qhia. Xim standardization muaj xws li xim, brightness thiab siv.

Thawj qhov tshwm sim ntawm RAL

RAL yog thawj zaug tsim los ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Lub Xeev German rau Kev Xa Khoom. Raws li nws, tag nrho cov xim tau muab faib ua ntau yam, ib qho xim tau txais qhov ntsuas tsis pom tseeb. Txij thaum ntawd los, lub tuam txhab no (Reichsausschuß für Lieferbedingungen und Gütesicherung) tau tas li tsim thiab qhia cov xim ntxiv raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev ua lag luam. Cov lus piav qhia uas tau muab ntxiv rau tib lub sijhawm tsim kom meej meej meej hauv cov teeb meem ntawm cov xim, uas yog tsim nyog rau ntau ceg ntawm ntau lawm. RAL's universal color designation system yog hom lus ntawm kev sib txuas lus hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam rau kev qhia cov xim ntxoov ntxoo thiab lawv qhov kev siv zog.

RAL ntsuas hauv ntiaj teb hnub no

RAL CLASSIC, RAL Tsim, RAL Digital, RAL nyhuv, RAL Plastics, RAL Phau Ntawv - niaj hnub no ntau qhov ntsuas (ximcollections).

RAL tam sim no yog dab tsi? Qhov tseeb RAL tus qauv suav nrog ntau xim thiab ntxoov. Lub rooj qhia tsuas yog cov xim uas siv ntau tshaj plaws. Lub rooj tsuas yog siv rau kev siv xwb, vim tias cov xim tso tawm yuav txawv ntawm cov xim tiag tiag los ntawm RAL catalog.

RAL CLASSIC scale

Ua tus qauv ntsuas txij li xyoo 1927. Niaj hnub no nws muaj 213 xim, xws li daj, txiv kab ntxwv, liab, ntshav, xiav, ntsuab, grey, xim av, lub teeb thiab tsaus xim. Ntawm cov no, 17 yog xim hlau, uas yog, nrog cov xim hlau. Yog li, xim ral 9003 yog teeb liab dawb, lossis dawb heev. Qhov no twb classic collection pom daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm industries thiab cov cheeb tsam ntawm ntau lawm: los ntawm architectural khoom thiab lub tsev interiors mus rau tsim ntawm khaub ncaws, khau thiab luam ntawv khoom.

RAL Design Scale

Xyoo ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov ntsuas no yog xyoo 1993. Thaum pib, qhov ntsuas suav nrog 1688 ntxoov, tom qab ntawd nws raug txwv rau 1625 ntxoov. Qhov ntsuas yog systematized rau cov kws tsim qauv. Nws cov neeg tsim khoom tau coj mus rau hauv tus account lub suab nrov, ci ntsa iab thiab qib ntawm cov xim saturation, yooj yim rau kev xaiv cov khub xim rau cov xim sib txawv. Cov xim raug suav nrog raws li qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov xim (ci ntsa iab thiab saturation kuj raug suav nrog) nrog rau xya tus lej. Nyob rau hauv 2017, ib tug tshiab palette tshwm - RAL Tsim, muaj 1625 units ntawm cov xim ntxoov.

RAL Digital

RAL Digital yog ib qho ntxiv ntawm cov layouts. Nws yog siv los ntawm cov neeg tsim qauvthaum ua hauj lwm nrog cov kev pab cuam uas muaj xws li tsis siv neeg tsim tshuab. Cov software no muab rau koj nkag mus rau ntxoov ntxoo thiab xim cov npe los ntawm Classic, Effect thiab Design collections.

Nyob rau xyoo 2015, RAL Digital kab qhia tus nyeem ntawv tshiab (colorimeter), muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas cov xim los ntawm yuav luag txhua qhov chaw thiab xaiv qhov ntxoov ntxoo xav tau hauv RAL catalogs. Lub colorimeter kuj muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm pab pawg thiab pab kiag li lawm, nrog rau ib tug digital magnifier thiab ntau lwm yam muaj colorimetry functions uas tseem ceeb niaj hnub no.

RAL Effect

Txhawm rau ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev lag luam, xyoo 2007 RAL tau tsim ib qho kev sau ntxiv ntawm matte thiab glossy ntxoov, 420 thiab 70 units feem. Cov qub yog tsim los rau cov xim pleev xim dej, tom kawg rau cov xim hlau txheej xim. Tus lej suav nrog peb lub suab thiab tsab ntawv M rau cov hlau thiab X rau cov xim dej.

YRAL Plastics

Tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom siv yas, RAL tau tshaj tawm cov txheej txheem tshiab raws li cov qauv ntawm cov xim. Nws nta 100 ntawm feem ntau nrhiav-tom qab classic tsim xim hauv polypropylene rectangular references.

RAL Phau Ntawv

RAL cov kws tshaj lij ua ke nrog Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Tshawb Fawb Ntiaj Teb (Great Britain) suav cov phau ntawv xyoo rau cov kws tsim qauv, uas suav nrog cov txheej txheem sib koom ua ke ntawm cov xim sib txawv los ntawm cov xim xim ntawm tag nrho cov RAL collections.

Nyob rau hauv txhua phau32 xim yog siv nyob rau hauv sib txawv ua ke. Kev sau tiav suav nrog album, kiv cua xim txav tau thiab CD.

Daim duab xim raws li RAL Classic nyob rau hauv tus qauv sorting los ntawm pab pawg xim yog cim nrog rau txoj hauj lwm (1000s=daj tones, 2000s=txiv kab ntxwv tones, 3000s=liab, thiab lwm yam).

Yog li, lub tuam txhab RAL ua tiav cov kev xav tau tam sim no ntawm kev lag luam kev lag luam los txiav txim siab cov qauv xim thiab lawv cov kev sib koom ua ke.

Table specifications and terminology

Ntau RAL xim yuav tsis tso tawm kom raug ntawm cov saib thiab cov tshuab luam ntawv vim qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv xim thiab yog kwv yees qhov tseem ceeb nkaus xwb. Lub RRGBB (sRGB) xim code nyob rau hauv kev siv yog tshwm sim thaum tus nas pointer dhau ntawm Xim Swatch teb.

Xim txuam nrog RAL system yuav muaj cov npe sib txawv hauv kev siv.

• Lemon yellow: RAL 1018 - zinc yellow for telecom team.
• Golden yellow: RAL 1028 - daj melon rau tub rog nrhiav tub rog.
• Crimson: RAL 3027 - liab liab rau dab tshos thiab tub ceev xwm cov xim kab txaij rau ntawm General Staff.
• Bordeaux Liab: RAL 4004 - Burgundy Violet rau Defensive Unit.
• Medium Blue: RAL 5010 - Xiav rau Army Logistics Unit.
• Dark blue: RAL 5013 - cob alt xiav rau kev siv kho mob.
• Tus neeg yos hav zoov ntsuab: RAL 6029 - mint ntsuab xim rau cov neeg yos hav zoov: pawg neeg yos hav zoov, pab pawgparatroopers, detachment ntawm roob neeg yos hav zoov thiab detachment ntawm ib tug tank grenadier tub rog.
• Lub Teeb Grey: RAL 7037 - Plua plav Grey rau Army Aviation.
• White: RAL 9010 - dawb huv rau kev pabcuam tub rog.
• Black: RAL 9011 - graphite dub rau pawg pioneer.