2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Modernism yog ib qho qauv hauv kev kos duab uas tshwm sim nyob rau xyoo 19th thiab thaum ntxov 20th centuries. Nws kuj cuam tshuam txog kev tsim vaj tsev thiab kev kos duab zoo nkauj, tab sis modernism tau tshwm sim nws tus kheej kom meej meej hauv cov ntawv nyeem ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Ntxiv rau Marcel Proust, cov kws sau ntawv xws li Francis Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway, Franz Kafka thiab lwm tus yog cov neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv no.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm kev niaj hnub hauv cov ntaub ntawv yog kev xav tob thiab kev paub dhau los. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb tsis yog los ntawm ib puag ncig sab nraud thiab qhov xwm txheej, tab sis, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, los ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab hauv thiab tus cwj pwm ntawm cov cim.
Biography ntawm Marcel Proust: keeb kwm thiab xyoo ntxov
Tus sau yav tom ntej yug hauv Paris thaum Lub Xya Hli 10, 1871. Nws lub npe yug tag nrho yog Valentin Louis Georges Eugene Marcel Proust.
Proust tsev neeg yog neeg nplua nuj thiab muaj koob npe, yog li thaum yau Marcel tsis tas yuav muaj kev nyuaj siab, tus tub tsis xav tau dab tsi, nws tau nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm kev saib xyuas ntawm nws niam nws txiv. Leej Txiv Adrian Proust muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm tus kws kho mob (tshwj xeeb - kws kho mob), muaj txuj ci thiab ua tiav, ua tus xibfwb ntawm Kws Kho Mob.
About Marcel Proust niamCov kws tshawb fawb niaj hnub no tsis paub ntau. Nws paub tias yog los ntawm tsev neeg cov neeg ua lag luam hauv Yudais.
Txog thaum muaj 9 xyoos, tus kws sau ntawv yav tom ntej nyob zoo siab thiab tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb. Xyoo 1880, tus tub hluas tau mob hnyav: nws pib mob hawb pob bronchial sai. Tom qab ntawd, tus kab mob yuav dhau mus ntev thiab yuav yog Proust txoj sia mus nrhiav.
Kev Kawm
Raws li kev cai ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, thaum muaj hnub nyoog 11, Marcel nkag mus rau lyceum hauv Condorcet. Thaum kawm, nws tau los ua phooj ywg nrog Jacques Bizet (tsuas yog tus tub ntawm Georges Bizet, tus kws sau ntawv Fab Kis uas sau lub ntiaj teb nto moo Opera Carmen).
Tom qab kawm tiav ntawm Lyceum, Proust tau nkag mus rau Sorbonne ntawm Kws Lij Choj Txoj Cai, tab sis kev kawm tsis txaus siab rau nws, yog li yav tom ntej tus kws sau ntawv txiav txim siab tso nws. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev, qhov kev txiav txim siab tau cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov tseeb tias lub sijhawm ntawd Proust tau mus xyuas cov kws kos duab, tham nrog cov tub ntxhais hluas cov neeg sau xov xwm thiab cov kws sau ntawv Fabkis nrov. Cov chaw uas nyiam tshaj plaws yog cov khw noj mov ntawm Mrs. Strauss, de Caiave thiab Madame Lemaire. Tag nrho cov no nws pom qhov zoo siab, tsis zoo li cov chav kawm hauv tsev kawm qib siab.
Kev paub thawj zaug hauv cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev muaj tswv yim
Tsis zoo li ntau lwm tus kws sau ntawv, Marcel Proust tsis tau pib nrog cov dab neeg luv luv, ua yeeb yam thiab novellas. Ib qho ntawm thawj cov haujlwm yog cov ntawv tshiab "Jean Santey", uas Proust tau sau tom qab rov qab los ntawm tub rog, los ntawm 1895 txog 1899, tab sis tsis tiav.
Txawm li cas los xij, tus kws sau ntawv txuas ntxiv txhim kho nws cov txuj ci thiab tsis ntev los no tau tshaj tawm cov dab neeg luv luv "Kev Zoo Siab thiabhnub." Tom qab tau txais kev tshuaj xyuas tsis zoo los ntawm Jean Lorrain, Proust tau thuam kev thuam rau qhov kev sib tw uas nws tau txais yeej.
Xyoo 1903, muaj kev txom nyem hauv tsev neeg: Proust txiv tuag, thiab nws niam tuag ob xyoos tom qab. Rau cov laj thawj no, nrog rau kev mob hawb pob sai heev, lub sijhawm xyoo no tus kws sau ntawv tau coj txoj kev ua neej nyob, yuav luag tsis sib txuas lus nrog tib neeg, thiab feem ntau koom nrog kev txhais cov haujlwm los ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv txawv teb chaws. Nws qhov kev txaus siab tseem ceeb yog cov ntaub ntawv Askiv.
Ntxiv rau kev txhais lus, xyoo 1907 tau pib ua haujlwm ntawm Marcel Proust's semi-autobiographical tshiab Hauv Kev Tshawb Nrhiav Lub Sijhawm Lost, uas tom qab ntawd los ua tus kws sau ntawv nto moo tshaj plaws. Lub tswv yim tuaj rau Proust thaum pib ntawm nws txoj hauj lwm sau ntawv - zoo sib xws scenes, cim thiab motifs tau pom nyob rau hauv nws cov ntawv sau rau "Jean Santey", tab sis coj mus rau ib tug meej daim ntawv tsuas yog ntau xyoo tom qab.
Txawm hais tias Marcel Proust's In Search of Poob Sijhawm tam sim no suav tias yog txoj haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws, tus kws sau ntawv tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav tus tshaj tawm rau kev tshaj tawm ntev. Cov ntawv tshiab yuav tsum tau sau dua tshiab thiab luv luv.
Kev Tshawb Nrhiav Lub Sijhawm Lostuag yog ib phau ntawv xya phau ntawv luam tawm thaum xyoo 1913 thiab 1927, txawm tias tom qab Proust tuag los ntawm mob ntsws hauv xyoo 1922. Cov ntawv tshiab qhia txog ntau dua ob txhiab tus cim, cov qauv uas yog cov kws sau ntawv niam txiv, nws cov neeg paub, thiab cov neeg nto moo ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd.
khoom plig thiab khoom plig
Nyob rau xyoo 1919, Proust tau txais Prix Goncourt rau phau ntawv thib ob los ntawm koob "Nyob Hauv Tshawb Nrhiav Lub Sijhawm Lost" - "Hauv qab tus duab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm cov ntxhais hauvtawg." Qhov no ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab loj hauv zej zog kev sau ntawv - ntau tus ntseeg tias qhov khoom plig tau muab tsis tau zoo. Kev zoo siab nyob ib puag ncig Proust thiab nws txoj haujlwm tau nce tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg qhuas ntawm tus kws sau ntawv ua haujlwm ntau zaus.
Kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev thuam ntawm kev ua haujlwm
Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm Marcel Proust cov phau ntawv yog tus kheej ntawm tib neeg. Tus kws sau ntawv nrhiav kev qhia lub tswv yim tias kev nco qab, thiab tsis yog cov khoom siv, yog lub hauv paus ntawm txhua yam.
Vim li no, Proust suav tias yog kev kos duab thiab kev tsim los ua qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv lub neej. Los ntawm qhov xwm txheej, tus kws sau ntawv tau raug kaw thiab tsis sib haum xeeb, nws yog qhov muaj tswv yim uas pab nws kov yeej qhov no.
Cov neeg sau ntawv ib txwm tau hais lus zoo txog Proust cov lus piav qhia, qhia tias nws yog "me ntsis tsis meej", "spontaneous" thiab "qab zib". Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, Marcel Proust yog suav hais tias yog classic. Nws tej hauj lwm muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv yuav tsum nyeem.
Pom zoo:
Ntawm qhov tseeb los ntawm lub neej ntawm S altykov-Shchedrin. Luv luv biography thiab tej hauj lwm
S altykov-Shchedrin zoo li cas? Nws cov ntawv sau muaj nqis npaum li cas? Dab tsi yog txawv txawv rau lub sijhawm ntawd hauv nws lub neej thiab kev ua haujlwm?
Kustodiev painting "Maslenitsa", lwm yam nto moo tej hauj lwm thiab biography ntawm tus kws kos duab
Kom paub txog cov duab kos duab ntawm Kustodiev txhais tau tias tsis yog kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog Lavxias kos duab, tab sis kuj tseem kov cov keeb kwm ntawm lub xeev
Biography thiab ua hauj lwm ntawm Karamzin N. M. Cov npe ntawm Karamzin tej hauj lwm
Ib tus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws sentimentalists nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv, historian, kws sau paj lug, kws sau ntawv, reformer Karamzin Nikolai Mikhailovich tswj ua thiab redo ntau npaum li cas nyob rau hauv nws lub neej li lwm tus yuav tsis tau ua nyob rau hauv peb centuries
Geometry hauv painting: qhov zoo nkauj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntshiab, keeb kwm ntawm keeb kwm ntawm style, artists, lub npe ntawm tej hauj lwm, kev loj hlob thiab foundations
Geometry thiab painting tau ua ib sab rau ntau tshaj ib puas xyoo. Nyob rau hauv txawv eras ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kos duab, geometry coj txawv guises, tej zaum tshwm sim raws li spatial projections, tej zaum kuj yog ib tug kos duab khoom ntawm nws tus kheej. Nws yog qhov zoo kawg nkaus li kev kos duab thiab kev tshawb fawb tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ib leeg, txhawb kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm ob qho tib si
Vasily Vedeneev: biography, creativity, npe ntawm tej hauj lwm, tshuaj xyuas ntawm critics
Vedeneev Vasily Vladimirovich - Soviet, Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv. Paub txog nws txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv hom detective, taug txuj kev nyuaj thiab fantasy. Raws li ib tug tub ceev xwm ua haujlwm, nws yog ib tus neeg ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws hauv Moscow. Nws yog ib tug xib fwb ntawm Moscow Academy ntawm Ministry of Internal Affairs. Nws tau koom nrog hauv kev tawm tsam kev ua phem hauv Chechnya, qhov chaw uas nws tau coj cov tub ceev xwm ua ke. Cov neeg ua haujlwm paub nws thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm sib koom ua ke hais tias nws yog ib tus tub ceev xwm Lavxias tiag tiag