Yuav kawm li cas rau improvise: mastering cov tswv yim ntawm improvisation
Yuav kawm li cas rau improvise: mastering cov tswv yim ntawm improvisation

Video: Yuav kawm li cas rau improvise: mastering cov tswv yim ntawm improvisation

Video: Yuav kawm li cas rau improvise: mastering cov tswv yim ntawm improvisation
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Anonim

Kev ua neej raws li tsab ntawv sau, tsis muaj improvisation, boring. Txhua tus tau ntsib qhov xwm txheej uas ib yam dab tsi tsis mus raws li kev npaj. Thiab tus neeg muaj tswv yim zoo li cas hauv qhov no? Nws xaiv dab tsi: coj lub rooj zaum rov qab thiab cia txhua yam ua tiav, lossis tig rau kev xav thiab ua, sau ib tsab ntawv ntawm kev mus? Tau kawg, qhov kev xaiv thib ob.

Tseem muaj cov neeg uas tsis lees txais kev ua pob liab vog thiab kev hloov pauv tsis tau npaj tseg. Thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, lawv nyiam siv txoj kev khiav tawm uas tau lees paub thiab feem ntau tsim ntau yam kev xaiv ua ntej.

Tab sis yog lub neej yuam kom koj ua tam sim ntawd, thiab tsis paub yuav xaiv txoj hauv kev zoo li cas, ces lub peev xwm ntawm improvise yuav dhau los ua tus cawm seej. Tab sis koj yuav kawm li cas rau improvise?

hom improvisation

Kev kos duab ntawm improvisation tuaj yeem tsim kho. Qee tus neeg ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo kawg nkaus. Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias tus improviser, txawm tias muaj qee qhov khoob hauv Tshuag, ib txwm coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov twg thiab thaum twg nws ua. Cov lus teb tam sim no rau qhov xwm txheej, yog nws lub suab nkauj simulated, kev hais lus hauv podium lossis seev cev, tsis tas yuavua zoo tag nrho. Nws tus nqi yog qhov tseeb ntawm lub sijhawm tam sim no.

Yuav kom nkag siab yuav ua li cas kawm kom ua tau zoo ntawm theem, koj yuav tsum xub nkag siab qhov xwm txheej zoo. Cov neeg ua yeeb yam yog ib qho piv txwv: ib qho kev tshwm sim tsis tau xav txog lossis overlay hauv qhov kev ua yeeb yam yuam txhua tus neeg kom hloov mus rau nws, thaum tswj xyuas tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua si.

Actors improvisation
Actors improvisation

Tib lub sijhawm, cov qauv ntawm kev nthuav qhia cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov laj thawj ntawm kev tsim kho yog khaws cia. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau txhua yam hais txog cov lus nyob: paj huam, kev ua yeeb yam sawv ntsug, cov lus teb rau cov lus nug uas tus neeg xam phaj npaj txhij txog, pun. Tib txoj cai ua haujlwm hauv suab paj nruag thiab seev cev, lawv tsuas yog qhia los ntawm kev sib txawv. Xav txog txhua hom kev nthuav dav.

Nyob rau ntawm lub podium

Qhov xwm txheej thaum yuav tsum tau hais lus tsis tau npaj tau tshwm sim ntau zaus. Txhua tus tub ntxhais kawm paub txog nws: txhawm rau teb qhov kev xeem, muaj sijhawm tshwj xeeb los npaj rau lub ntsiab lus ntawm daim pib. Tab sis nws tsis muaj nyob thaum teb cov lus nug ntxiv los ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv. Thiab tej zaum lawv yuav tsis cuam tshuam nrog lub ntsiab lus ntawm daim pib txhua. Tom qab ntawd, yog tias tus tub ntxhais kawm tsis muaj cov lus teb meej, nws pib improvise raws li kev paub uas nws muaj. Los ntawm kev siv cov logic thiab kev teeb tsa cov kab lus kom raug, nws tswj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb uas ib tus tau txais kev xav ntawm nws txoj kev txawj ntse. Nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub qhov tseeb tiag.

Qee yam uas yuav pab tau koj kawm yuav ua li cas improvise:

  • thov koom haum.
  • cov lus nug.
  • Nyob rau ib lo lus.

koom nrogspontaneously tshwm sim raws li ib tug tshwm sim rau ib lo lus, lo lus nug los yog tshwm sim, yuav nthuav. Hauv qhov no nws tuaj yeem hais tau. Nws tuaj yeem yog zaj dab neeg lom zem lossis ib qho lus piav qhia, kev txheeb cais uas yog vim li cas tseem nyob hauv lub cim xeeb, lossis cov xwm txheej tu siab thiab xov xwm.

Hais lus improvisation
Hais lus improvisation

Los ntawm nug cov lus nug uas tsis xav tau cov lus teb, pawg thawj coj tsim kev sib cuag nrog cov neeg tuaj saib. Los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib, koj tuaj yeem pom seb nws puas tau xaiv txoj hauv kev. Thiab kho nws nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm pej xeem tsis txaus siab: rov koom ua ke koj tus kheej nrog cov neeg tuaj saib los ntawm kev sau cov ntsiab lus: "Tsis muaj leej twg nyiam qhov no", thiab tom qab ntawd txuas ntxiv tham txog lub ntsiab lus nruab nrab.

Yog tsis muaj dab tsi los hauv siab, tsuas yog rov hais dua ib lo lus lossis kev xav zaum kawg, lo lus nug hauv pem teb lossis ib lo lus uas tsis ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam, yuav pab nrhiav txoj hauv kev los piav qhia los ntawm ntau lub ces kaum, zoo li los ntawm txawv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev pom. Cov lus taw qhia tib lub sijhawm: "nws yuav zoo li ntawd …", "tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg tias …", "cia peb xav txog qhov ntawd…".

Kev sib tham

Yuav ua li cas kawm txog kev sib tham hauv kev sib tham? Cov classics yuav pab tau. Hauv particular, Ilf thiab Petrov. Raws li koj paub, nyob rau hauv kev sib txuas lus nrog cov poj niam, tus hero ntawm lawv tej hauj lwm, Ostap Bender, cia siab rau kev tshoov siab. Muaj txoj haujlwm ntawm kev yuav lub rooj zaum ntawm Ellochka, nws thawj zaug xaiv lub suab tsis raug: nws thov kom muag nws. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua. Thaum lub sij hawm tawm, nws tau muab hloov lub rooj zaum rau ib tug golden strainer. Nws ua tiav. Ostap hloov lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib tham: nws tshwm sim raws li ib tug connoisseur ntawm European salons. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nws tau hais ob lossis peb zaj dab neeg ntawm lub ncauj lus, siv cov lus uas tsim nyog thiab, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, txawj sau nws cov lus.hais lus rau deal.

Tau kawg nws yog lus dag. Tab sis tag nrho cov cai ntawm kev hais lus tsis txaus ntseeg tau pom meej:

  • Nyob ntawm lub ncauj lus. Thaum hloov lub ntsiab lus, tsis txhob rov qab mus rau yav dhau los.
  • Saib lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sib tham thiab txav mus rau nws, hla kev tawm tsam yam tsis muaj nyob ntawm lawv.
  • Txhim koj cov lus nrog cov lus hais, cov lus piav qhia lossis cov lus piav qhia.
  • Kos daim npav trump hauv lub sijhawm - cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb uas ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.

Cov lus qhia zoo li no yuav pab koj muab kev xam phaj thiab tsis zoo li tawv, txwv, thiab, vim li ntawd, tsis ntseeg.

Joking

Tig txhua yam rau hauv kev tso dag yog qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb. Shakespeare tau txais txiaj ntsig nrog cov kab lus: "Lub ntiaj teb muaj sia nyob vim nws luag." Yuav kom tsis txhob zoo li ib tug jester nyob ib ncig ntawm, ib tug frivolous neeg los yog, txawm phem tshaj, ib tug bore, ib tug yuav tsum to taub cov ntsiab lus ntawm funny. Muaj qee qhov kev txwv tsis pub muaj kev lom zem. Qhov no yog kev ntseeg, kev nom kev tswv, kev sib raug zoo ntawm poj niam txiv neej. Cov lus tso dag "hauv qab txoj siv sia" suav tias yog qis, lus tso dag txog tus txiv ntawm kev mus ncig ua lag luam yog tiaj tus, thiab tso dag txog kev qhia txog kev sib deev thiab kev hais lus phem yog suav tias yog lus phem.

Xib fwb hais lus dag
Xib fwb hais lus dag

Ua ib tug neeg txawj ntse, ua ntej, koj xav tau lub siab. Kev pom dav dav yuav pab tau siv cov kev txawj ntse. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav tsum muaj tus cwj pwm ua phooj ywg zoo kom cov lus tso dag tsis tig mus ua gloating, satire lossis thuam ntawm qhov tsis txaus. Qhov no yog txaus kom nkag siab yuav ua li cas kawm improvise hauv kev tso dag.

Tib neeg tsis zoo thiab tsis lom zem. Tab sis cov xwm txheej lawv pom lawv tus kheej hauv yog funny. Lub sitcom yog ib tug classic storyline. Kev txhais ib qho xwm txheej uas qhov yuam kev me me raug lees txais raws li ib txwm ua rauyug los ua neeg zoo.

Piano

Piano improvisation yog paub zoo los ntawm cov neeg nrog, kws sau ntawv, jazzmen. Txawm hais tias qhov no yog cov kev taw qhia tshwj xeeb hauv suab paj nruag, yog tias koj xav tau, txhua tus uas ua si me ntsis rau nws tus kheej tuaj yeem kawm tau. Txhawm rau pib, tsuas yog kawm ob peb lub tswv yim yooj yim. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov txheej txheem yog los sau cov suab paj nruag ntawm kev mus, suav nws cov variations. Lo lus nug "yuav ua li cas kawm rau improvise ntawm lub piano" los mus kawm ob peb lub tswv yim suab paj nruag:

  • Ib tug yog lub topic. Piv txwv li, peb tuaj yeem nco qab qhov kev ua yeeb yam ntawm Paganini lub ntsiab lus lossis tib lub suab nkauj hauv kev ua yeeb yaj kiab. Txhua zaus nws paub, tab sis nws suab tshiab.
  • Daim ntawv ua haujlwm txhais tau hais tias ua raws li cov cai ntawm cov suab paj nruag: yog tias nws yog ib zaj nkauj, nws muaj qhov hloov ntawm cov suab paj nruag hauv kev hu nkauj.
  • Txhua tus kws sau ntawv muaj nws tus kheej style. Nws yog recognizable nyob rau hauv Tchaikovsky, Chopin, Bach. Koj tuaj yeem xyaum cov classics lossis cov neeg hu nkauj nrov nrov uas siv piano hauv lawv cov nkauj.
  • Rhythm yog lub hauv paus ntawm suab paj nruag. Jazz los yog blues, w altz los yog peb hlis ntuj. Muaj ob peb lub suab nrov nrov, koj tuaj yeem sim lawv txhua tus.
  • Vaktura - kos duab ntawm nkauj. Sab laug tes ua lub bass thaj tsam, sab tes xis coj lub suab paj nruag. Los yog ob txhais tes ua si arpeggios, nplai thiab chords. Tej zaum yuav muaj cov duab zoo li no: kev sib tham ntawm ntses bass thaj tsam thiab sab sauv octave.
Improvisation ntawm piano
Improvisation ntawm piano

Yog koj tsis ua los ntawm cov ntawv, tab sis los ntawm kev hnov lub suab nrog koj txhais tes, khaws nws, ces yam yuav mus sai dua.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tonic

Qee tus neeg xav tias tsis muaj kev cai lij choj hauv improvisation, uas yog tus ntsuj plighu nkauj ntawm nws tus kheej. Qhov no tsis muaj tseeb. Yuav kom kawm paub yuav ua li cas rau improvise ntawm lub piano zoo li ib tug kws tshaj lij, koj yuav tsum paub cov kev cai ntawm cov suab paj nruag. Lawv cov ntsiab lus feem ntau yog qhia hauv cov chav kawm solfeggio. Nws yog lub sij hawm kom nco ntsoov cov qauv ntawm cov loj, me thiab xya chords.

Yog li ntawd kev sib haum xeeb tsis ploj, tab sis, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, tsim, koj yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam kev sib txuas ntawm chords thiab xyuas kom meej tias cov lus poob rau ntawm ib qho ntawm cov ntawv hauv lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Nws zoo li sau paj huam: cov lus sib dhos yuav tsum poob ntawm qee qhov chaw hauv kab. Cov kab lus suab paj nruag yog poetic ntau dua li kev sib tham yooj yim uas tsis muaj kev cai lij choj. Tom qab tag nrho, yog tias muaj kev ywj pheej siv rau suab paj nruag, yuav tsis muaj kev sib haum xeeb.

Image
Image

Nruab nrab ntawm cov lus hais, koj tuaj yeem kos ntau yam kev kho kom zoo nkauj, siv qee cov tswv yim tshwj xeeb rau qhov no, xws li tremolo, piv txwv li. Tab sis thaum tus qauv pom meej meej, nws yog qhov txaus siab rau pob ntseg. Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, thaum kawg ntawm kab lus yuav tsum muaj kev hloov mus rau tonic. Yog li koj tuaj yeem taug kev raws lub ntsiab chords ntawm qhov loj teev (C loj), ua rau kev hloov mus rau qhov sib thooj me (I minor). Tab sis yog tias qhov kev hloov pauv dhau los ntawm xya chord, lub suab paj nruag yuav zoo dua.

Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg Guitar solo

Thaum lub sijhawm tsim ntawm lawv tus kheej style, composers siv cov tswv yim imitation. Los ntawm qhov no, lub hauv paus tau tsim, uas yuav tso cai rau yav tom ntej los tsim cov kab lus suab paj nruag los ntawm cov no, piv txwv li, "cib". Yuav kom paub yuav ua li cas kawm improvise ntawm lub guitar, koj yuav tsum paub cov nram qab no tricks:

  • Kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov loj mus rau qhov me ntawm cov frets uas yooj yim dua rau tus neeg ua yeeb yam. Qee tus siv lub capo.
  • Kev hloov ntawm ib tus yuam sij raulwm tus ntawm kev sib haum xeeb chords.
  • Nkauj solo tsis tso tus yuam sij.
  • nco riffs.
Improvisation ntawm guitar
Improvisation ntawm guitar

Improvisation yog ib qho khoom siv rau jazz musicians. Lawv ua tiav kev txawj ntse tsis yog los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov kab lus suab paj nruag, tab sis kuj los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom nyuaj uas tau sau tseg hauv cov suab paj nruag. Classics rau xws li suab paj nruag yog thawj xib fwb. Yog vim li ntawd koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tso tseg kev kawm etudes.

Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg Guitar

Yog tus guitar solo tau qhuas rau nws txoj kev tsim txiaj, ua li cas rau tus ntaus ntses bass thaj tsam? Nws puas yuav tsum txaus siab nrog kev rov qab chords ntawm nws ib feem lossis sim ua kom pom qib ntawm kev txawj ntse ntawm qhov ntsuas? Thiab yuav ua li cas kawm kom improvise ntawm bass guitar? Lub suab bass thaj tsam hnyav dua li thawj peb txoj hlua guitar. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj qhov kev ua si yuav saib rau lawv. Yog hais tias koj txhob txwm tshaj tawm cov lus rov hais dua ntawm solo ib feem, hais txog accents, siv cov ntses bass thaj tsam ntshiab ntawm lub suab paj nruag, ces lub hom phiaj yuav ua tiav.

Kev ua si ib daim ntawv ntawm tsib, plaub thiab octave ib ntus zoo li tsim nyog heev. Ua ntej cov no yog kev tawm dag zog, tom qab - improvisation. Zoo li tej suab paj nruag tiag, nws yog yug thawj zaug hauv lub taub hau. Nws yog tsim nyog nyob rau hauv qee yam nthwv dej, raws li lub cim xeeb yuav pab tau muab cov ntsiab lus uas tau ua haujlwm dhau los. Lawv yuav ua ib lub suab paj nruag.

Dancing

Qee lub sij hawm cov neeg txiav txim sib tw hais kom cov neeg seev cev ua yeeb yam los qhia lawv lub peev xwm nkag siab txog suab paj nruag thiab qhia kev xav los ntawm kev txav mus los. nwsyuav xav tau kev tawm mus los ntawm cov txheej txheem nruj ntawm kev seev cev. Nws tsis tas yuav tsim cov pas tshiab, txawm tias nws zoo siab tos txais. Feem ntau, cov seev cev yuav tawm ntawm "homemade", nyiam txav uas yog ob qho tib si zoo nkauj thiab ntxim nyiam hais txog kev zoo nkauj ntawm tus seev cev.

Cov kws tshaj lij muab tswv yim qhia txog yuav ua li cas kawm ua las voos:

  • Mloog nkauj kho siab.
  • Siv koj lub cev.
  • Thov kev tawm tsam tawm tsam.
  • Dance action.
Improvisation hauv seev cev
Improvisation hauv seev cev

Qee tus ntseeg tias muaj peev xwm ua kom zoo nkauj hauv kev seev cev yog qhov muaj nyob hauv txhua tus, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau tso nws los ntawm kev nruj. Kev seev cev qhia kev xav, tham txog kev ua. Yog tias tsis hloov ib lub ntsiab lus, koj yuav tsum sim qhia nws los ntawm txhua txoj kev, mus rau nws txoj kev xav los ntawm cov ces kaum sib txawv - ob qho tib si ntawm qeeb qeeb, thaum lub zog txav tau yooj yim, thiab nrawm nrawm, thaum tag nrho qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw koom nrog. Tsis txhob rov hais dua thiab ncua, qee zaum siv lub khw muag khoom - tag nrho qhov no yuav ua rau kev ua kom tsis nco qab.

In Jazz

Suab yog lub cuab yeej muaj zog. Zoo li ua si guitar lossis saxophone, koj tuaj yeem siv nws los tsim cov nkauj zoo nkauj. Lub jazz style ntawm kev ua yeeb yam tshwj xeeb yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv lawv. Cov kws ua yeeb yam muaj txuj ci muab cov lus qhia txog yuav ua li cas kawm kom improvise: suab hauv jazz ua raws li peb txoj cai uas ua rau nws lub hauv paus:

  • Lub ntsiab yog hu ua ntej. Yog ib zaj nkauj hu tau kho siab.
  • Siv scats (syllables to music). Lawv muaj lawv tus kheej vowels thiab consonants.
  • Reef receptions excluded.

Improvisation yog ua raws chords ntawm lub ntsiab yam tsis tau tawm ntawm nws daim phiaj. Nws tuaj yeem kav ntev dua ib nqes nrog kev hu nkauj. Ntawm no, ntau yam kev siv lub suab tau ua tau. Thiab thaum tag nrho cov pab pawg koom nrog hauv improvisation, txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm hloov pauv ntawm tib kab lus. Nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug yob hu, raws li nyob rau hauv ib tug kev sib tham, lawv ua raws li lub logic ntawm kev sib tham. Txwv tsis pub, koj yuav tau txais bazaar hubbub.

Yuav ua li cas kawm kom improvise nrog scats? Sket improvisation aims siv lub suab los xyaum lub suab ntawm lub tshuab cua. Syllables tau kawm nyob rau hauv ib chav kawm suab paj nruag ntawm ib lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab thiab raug siv ntawm qhov nrawm. Ballads siv lyrics.

Recorder

Nyob hauv ib pab pawg suab paj nruag, lub suab ntawm lub recorder tau zoo nkauj ua ke nrog guitar. Tsis yog txhua leej txhua tus yuav twv yuav tsum paub cov txuj ci kev kawm, tab sis qhov cuab yeej no tso cai rau koj los tsim kho kom zoo nkauj rau cov suab paj nruag tsis muaj teeb meem ntau. Tus neeg twg uas tau dhau los ntawm txoj kev pib tuaj yeem qhia txog yuav ua li cas kawm txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub kaw lus.

Thaiv tshuab raj ua si
Thaiv tshuab raj ua si

Txoj kev tsim nyog yog lub peev xwm khaws suab paj nruag los ntawm pob ntseg. Feem ntau soprano flute yog nyob rau hauv C. Nws tuaj yeem ua si hauv cov yuam sij ntawm re thiab si, ua thiab la, mi thiab sol. Tau paub qhov yooj yim arpeggios ntawm cov nplais no, koj tuaj yeem pib improvising nrog lub guitar. Los ntawm kev hloov lub suab thiab ntim, lawv kos ib lub suab paj nruag. Siv staccato thiab legato. Tau paub cov txheej txheem no, lawv mus rau cov txuj ci yam ntxwv ntawm lub tshuab raj:

  • Vessels.
  • Gruppetto.
  • Modents.
  • Trills.

Koj tuaj yeem siv vibrato. Lub diaphragm vibrates thaum lub suab tshuab tawm. Ntawm noKev ua pa kom raug yog qhov tseem ceeb. Qhov no txaus rau lub suab paj nruag los yug spontaneously. Nrog kev paub dhau los ntawm kev xoob thiab kev ntseeg tus kheej.

Zoo kawg

Cov ntsiab lus ntawm txhua qhov kev txiav txim siab yog qhov zoo sib xws: tsis txhob mus dhau lub ntsiab lus, ua raws li kev sib dhos, ua qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov nqe lus uas tau npaj ua ntej. Tam sim no koj paub yuav ua li cas kawm improvise.

Pom zoo: