Lavxias teb sab classicism raws li cov qauv ntawm architecture

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Lavxias teb sab classicism, uas yog ib qho qauv ntawm architecture uas tau nthuav dav nyob rau hauv Russia nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua yim thiab kaum cuaj, ua ke cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov qauv sib txawv hauv ib qho hauj lwm, thaum tuav lub zog thiab plasticity ntawm rococo thiab baroque. Tom qab ntawd, cov vaj tse classical thiab manor palaces pib tshwm sim, uas tom qab ntawd los ua qauv rau kev tsim kho ntawm ntau lub teb chaws cov vaj tse thiab vaj tse nyob hauv cov nroog Lavxias.

Cov kws tsim qauv hauv qab no ntawm classicism paub: Starov I. E., Kazakov M. F., Blank K. I., Bazhenov V. I., Kokorinov A. F., Rinaldi A. thiab lwm yam. Lawv cov kev tsim ua yog ib tshooj tseem ceeb hauv keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab architecture thiab cov cuab yeej cuab tam muaj sia nyob uas tseem muaj nyob hauv lub tsev khaws khoom muaj nqis, nrog rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov nroog niaj hnub no.

Ua ntej cov tsev yuav tsum tau tsim tsa, Lavxias teb sab classicism tau xav tias tsim cov npe hu ua analogues ntawm cov duab kos duab, qhov no ua rau nws ua tau kom raug tus tswv.qhov style no raws li cov duab kos. Engravings tau theej thiab xa mus rau lub nroog Lavxias. Yog li, tag nrho cov tsev nyob rau ntawm lawv tau txawv los ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm cov txheej txheem kev sib xyaw, kev kos duab zoo ntawm cov ntsiab lus, kev sib haum xeeb ntawm proportions thiab conciseness ntawm ntim. Cov chaw tau muab tso ua ke rau hauv cov pab pawg ua haujlwm, sab tis txuas nrog cov kab lus, uas tsim lub tshav puam pem hauv ntej. Thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho, cov cib liab tau siv, nrog rau cov pob zeb dawb; Cov kab nrog entablature tau txhim tsa, cov phab ntsa du nrog qhov qhib qhib, facades nrog kev nyem loj, lancet arches, portals ntawm nkag, thiab lwm yam.

Yog li, Lavxias teb sab classicism muaj cov hauv qab no:

1. Lub tsev tau tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug parallelepiped, thiab yuav tsum muaj peb plag tsev.

2. Lub tsev nyob yuav tsum suav nrog lub tsev nruab nrab txuas nrog ob lub tsev tsim tawm los ntawm cov chaw ncaj qha.

3. Lub hauv paus tsev yuav tsum tau cim nrog ib tug portico.

4. Cov ciam teb ntawm lub façade yog nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ces kaum yooj yim, cov kab noj hniav tsis tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ib yam dab tsi, lub qhov rais tau tsim raws li cov duab plaub, qhov qhib uas tsis yog framed.

5. Qhov tsuas yog kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub tsev yuav tsum yog ib lub portico ntawm ib qho kev txiav txim loj (rau tag nrho qhov siab ntawm tus qauv).

6. Cov kab tau txav deb ntawm phab ntsa kom nkag mus.

Nws tuaj yeem hais tias Lavxias classicism muaj kev xav txog Byzantine thiab qub Lavxias teb sab kab lis kev cai, nrog rau Baroque. Cov tsev hauv qab no tuaj yeem ua piv txwv: Pashkov lub tsev, Tsarskoye Selo, Peterhof, Winter Palace, Moscow Senate thiab lwm yam.

Cov qauv vaj tsev no tau mus txog qhov kawg thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho ntawm St. Yog li, A. Leblon tau tsim ib lub nroog txoj kev npaj, raws li nws muaj lub hnub qub oval-zoo li tus qauv. Niaj hnub no, lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm St. Petersburg tau nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm trident.

Yog li, cov qauv vaj tsev tshiab uas tau tshwm sim hauv tebchaws Russia thiab tau nthuav dav hauv nws thaj chaw nyob rau xyoo pua kaum yim tau siv feem ntau rau kev tsim kho nroog Lavxias. Piav qhia ntau ntxiv txog keeb kwm ntawm cov style ntawm G. V. Moskvichev ("Lavxias teb sab Classicism." Phau ntawv rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv ntawm pedagogical institutes). Phau ntawv qhia txog cov kws kos duab zoo thiab lawv cov kev tsim tshwj xeeb.