Daim duab "Dua deuce" Reshetnikov Fyodor Pavlovich. Keeb kwm ntawm creation thiab piav qhia ntawm painting

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

F. P. Reshetnikov yog ib tug neeg txawj ntse heev. Nws paintings yog heev ci thiab muaj tiag. Lawv raug imbued nrog tshwj xeeb warmth thiab siab dawb paug. Cov me nyuam lub ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub artist txoj hauj lwm occupies ib tug tseem ceeb qhov chaw. Cov no yog: "Lawv tau txais cov lus", "Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev mus ntsib", "Rau kev thaj yeeb", "Tau rau hnub so." Daim duab "Duain deuce" stands tshwj xeeb. Reshetnikov tsim ib qho kev nco thiab nthuav ua haujlwm.

biographical information about the Soviet artist

Fyodor Reshetnikov yog ib tus kws kos duab ci ntsa iab thiab qub, muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb. Nws belongs rau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm socialist realism. Fedor yug thaum Lub Xya Hli 15 (28), 1906 hauv lub zos. Sursko-Litovsk (Ukraine). Nws txiv yog ib tug neeg pleev kob icon, yog li ntawd lub attraction rau kos duab painting twb nteg nyob rau hauv nws txij thaum yug los. Thaum muaj peb xyoos, tus tub ntawd raug tso tseg ib tug menyuam ntsuag. Nws raug tsa los ntawm nws tus tij laugVasily, uas tawm hauv Kiev Art School rau lub hom phiaj ntawm nws tsev neeg. Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub 1920s, Fedor Pavlovich Reshetnikov nkag mus rau lub Moscow Art Department ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm kws qhia ntawv. Thaum lub sij hawm 1929-1934 nws kawm nyob rau hauv lub Higher Artistic thiab Technical Institute. Thaum lub sij hawm nws cov tub ntxhais kawm hnub, Kukryniksy muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau nws txoj haujlwm. Twb tau nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, Reshetnikov tau paub tias yog tus tswv ntawm cov duab kos duab. Nws yog ib tug nquag propagandist ntawm lub system ntawm socialist realism. Nws tsis lees txais lwm yam kev qhia txuj ci, nws tawm tsam nrog lawv. Fedor Pavlovich tuag rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 13, 1988. Nws lub ntxa nyob hauv Moscow ntawm Vagankovsky tojntxas.

Kev txawj ntau yam ntawm tus kws kos duab

Ua tsaug rau nws cov txuj ci, nws tau mus ncig ua si hauv lub ncov qaumteb qabteb ntawm cov dej khov nab kuab "Sibiryakov" (1932) thiab "Chelyuskin" (1933-1934) ua tus kws tshaj xov xwm. Nws txoj haujlwm los ntawm cov chaw no tau ua tiav zoo. Nws muaj khoom plig tshwj xeeb hauv kev ua yeeb yam. Ua ib tug zoo heev caricaturist, Fedor Pavlovich Reshetnikov tsim ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov txuj ci sculptural cartoons. Ib txhia ntawm nws tej hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Tretyakov Gallery. Nws tseem yog lub npe hu ua tus tsim ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm kev kawm txhua hnub ib hom ntawv hauv kev kos duab easel. Hauv qhov no, muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm Fyodor Pavlovich thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm Wanderers. Reshetnikov tsim amazing paintings nyob rau hauv lub "plein huab cua" toj roob hauv pes. Txawm li cas los xij, cov haujlwm no tseem tsis tau paub txog rau pej xeem.

Kev cob qhia kev kawm. Title, khoom plig, khoom plig

Fyodor Pavlovich tau koom nrog hauv kev qhia ua haujlwm. Los ntawm 1953 txog 1957 nws qhia nyob rau hauv Moscow State Art lub koom haum hu ua tom qab V. I. Surikov. Los ntawm 1956 mus rau 1962 nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Lenin pedagogical lub koom haum nyob rau hauv Moscow. Rau nws cov txiaj ntsig muaj tswv yim ua haujlwm, Reshetnikov tau txais txiaj ntsig siab thiab khoom plig. Nyob rau hauv 1949, rau cov paintings "Generalissimo ntawm lub Soviet Union I. V. Stalin" thiab "Tau rau hnub so", nws tau txais lub title ntawm laureate ntawm lub Stalin nqi zog ntawm 2nd degree. Nyob rau hauv 1951 rau painting "Rau Kev Thaj Yeeb!" tau txais Stalin nqi zog ntawm 3rd degree. Xyoo 1974 nws tau txais lub npe siab ntawm Cov Neeg Ua Yeeb Yam ntawm USSR.

Qhov zais cia ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm Reshetnikov lub tswv yim

Cov haujlwm ci ntsa iab ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam tau nco qab heev los ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib Soviet. Saib ntawm cov duab ntawm Fyodor Reshetnikov tam sim no, peb zoo li raug thauj mus rau yav dhau los, los ntawm lawv tus ntsuj plig ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob vim li cas nws cov duab kos tau txais kev nyiam dav. Lawv raug imbued nrog tshwj xeeb warmth thiab siab dawb paug. Tus kws kos duab them nyiaj ntau rau cov ntsiab lus hauv kev piav qhia ntawm tib neeg. Ua ntej kos duab ntawm tus neeg no lossis tus neeg ntawd, nws ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas nws, sau ntawv rau nws tus kheej thiab qhia meej meej ntawm txhua tus ntawm lawv. Yog li ntawd, nws hom portrait tau ua tiav zoo kawg. Fyodor Reshetnikov's paintings embody lub tag nrho ntawm lub ntiaj teb no saib ntawm lub realist artist. Nyob rau hauv nws cov toj roob hauv pes thiab cov duab, ib tug muaj peev xwm hnov txog kev hlub rau lub teb chaws, loy alty rau nws tus kheej lub hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab kev ntseeg. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus tswv muaj qhov txawv txav ntawm qhov pom, qhov kev xav zookev soj ntsuam thiab lom zem. Hauv qhov no, lwm sab ntawm nws cov txuj ci muaj tswv yim tau nthuav tawm. Reshetnikov, ntxiv rau cov kev ua ub no ua tau zoo hauv kev pleev xim thiab duab, ua tiav hauv kev tsim cov duab puab zoo nkauj ntawm cov xwm txheej zoo nkauj thiab lom zem.

Cov me nyuam lub ntsiab hauv kev ua yeeb yam

Lub sijhawm Tsov Rog Loj Loj, nws tau tsim cov duab kos duab "Lawv Tau Txais Cov Lus" (1943). Ib rooj plaub tau ua lub sijhawm rau nws sau ntawv. Thaum nws tuaj txog ntawm Sevastopol mus rau Moscow thiab pom cov menyuam yaus ua tsov rog hauv txoj kev. Qhov no txaus siab rau nws, thiab nws nres los saib cov menyuam yaus. Tsis muaj leej twg pom zoo los ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm "fascist". Tsuas yog cov menyuam yaus uas tsis to taub ib yam dab tsi hauv kev nom kev tswv tau poob rau qhov cuab yeej no. "Fritz" tau raug ntaus zoo los ntawm cov txiv neej uas tau sai sai rau hauv lub luag haujlwm. Reshetnikov xav nyob rau hauv no zajlus, thiab nws pleev xim rau daim duab "Lawv tau tus nplaig." Nws qhib lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov menyuam yaus hauv nws txoj haujlwm, uas tau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb hauv lub sijhawm tom qab tsov rog. Nws kuj tau tsim tej hauj lwm zoo li no: "Nyob rau hauv ib qho Kev Mus Ncig" (1947), "Rau Kev Thaj Yeeb" (1950) thiab, tej zaum, cov duab nrov tshaj plaws - "Dua deuce". Reshetnikov sau nws hauv 1952.

Lub phiaj xwm ntawm lwm daim duab - "Rau Hnub So" (1948) - kuj coj los ntawm lub neej txhua hnub.

Tom qab kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj, Fyodor Pavlovich feem ntau pom tias cov txheeb ze ntsib Suvorovites li cas. Txhua tus zoo siab thiab txaus siab tau mus tsev, thiabcov tub hluas taug kev nrawm. Reshetnikov xav txog yuav ua li cas ib tug ntawm lawv rov qab mus rau nws haiv neeg ces kaum thiab qhia nyob rau hauv tag nrho daim ntawv rau nws yawg (ib tug tub rog ib txwm ua tub rog): "Los txog rau hnub so!" Tus txiv neej zoo siab heev uas nws twb yog tub rog me me. Yawg sawv ntawm mloog, lees txais tsab ntawv ceeb toom los ntawm nws tus tub xeeb ntxwv. Lub scene muaj me ntsis playful thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm loj ua cim.

F. Reshetnikov, "Dua deuce". Creation keeb kwm

Thaum xub thawj, tus kws kos duab xav pleev xim rau ib daim duab ncaj nraim Ib tus tub ntxhais kawm uas qhia nws niam txog lwm tsib. Hauv kev tshawb nrhiav cov tub ntxhais kawm, Fyodor Pavlovich tau mus kawm ntawv. Cov xib fwb muab tus kws kos duab tso rau hauv "gallery", los ntawm qhov uas nws ua tib zoo saib txhua tus thiab maj mam sketch. Cov me nyuam tau pom tseeb txaj muag thiab txhawj xeeb me ntsis, vim lawv xav tias tus txiv neej no tau los ntawm lub nroog nrog daim tshev. Tus kws qhia ntawv hu ib tus menyuam kawm ntawv zoo rau lub rooj tsavxwm thiab muab qhov teeb meem yooj yim rau nws los daws. Tab sis tus me nyuam tub tsis meej pem, nws tsis tuaj yeem mloog zoo thiab daws tau qhov piv txwv. Los ntawm chav kawm, cov menyuam kawm ntawv ntxhi rau nws, tab sis vim nws ntshai, nws tsis nkag siab lawv li. Nws txo nws lub taub hau thiab sawv ntsiag to nrog cov chalk nyob rau hauv nws txhais tes. Thiab tom qab ntawd lub ntsiab lus tshiab tau yug los rau tus kws kos duab, thiab cov duab "Duain Deuce" tshwm sim. Reshetnikov ua ib tug me nyuam tub ntse thiab cus ciav lub ntsiab.

Yuav ua li cas yog painting?

Thawj, tus tswv txiav txim siab kos ib tug txiv neej xib fwb. Tab sis txij li yuav luag tsuas yog cov poj niam ua haujlwm hauv tsev kawm ntawv, kuv tau kos ib tus kws qhia ntawv. Tab sis tus kws kos duab tsis nyiam thawj daim duab kos duab. Nws nwszoo li uninteresting thiab boring. Tom qab ntawd nws muaj lub tswv yim kom txav qhov chaw: los ntawm chav kawm ntawv mus rau lub tsev. Tom qab tag nrho, lub cim phem yog ib qho kev tshwm sim tsis kaj siab rau tag nrho tsev neeg. Ua ntej lub painting "Dua deuce" tshwm, Reshetnikov tsim ib tug ntau ntawm kev npaj drawings. Fyodor Pavlovich ua tib zoo xaiv cov neeg saib xyuas rau nws cov ntsiab lus. Tus cwj pwm tseem ceeb yog tus tub-tus neeg ncaws pob, uas nws tau ntsib hauv vaj. Lwm tus cwj pwm tseem ceeb yog tus dev. Rau nws sawv ntawm nws ob txhais ceg, tus kws kos duab yuav nws sausages, thiab tus tswv pub nws thaum nws pleev xim. Daim duab kawg yog leej niam, tus muam, thiab tus kwv yau.

F. P. Reshetnikov, "Dua deuce" (kev piav qhia)

Nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm daim duab yog ib tug me nyuam tub nrog lub ntsej muag tu siab thiab nyo hau. Nws txoj kev tu siab yog txuam nrog deuce tau txais tom tsev kawm ntawv. Nws paub tias tam sim no nws yuav raug cem, nws chim heev. Los ntawm nws lub hnab ntawv, yog vim li cas rau lub cim phem treacherously saib - cov no yog cov skates uas cov tub ntxhais kawm tau nyiam nyob rau hauv. Nws tus phooj ywg ncaj ncees xav tias tus tswv me chim siab txog ib yam dab tsi. wagging nws tus Tsov tus tw, nws rushed mus rau tus me nyuam tub, qhia nrog tag nrho nws cov tsos hais tias nws thov txim rau nws. Ib me ntsis ntxiv mus zaum ib tug niam uas poob siab, uas yog heev unpleasant uas nws tus tub tau txais ib tug phem cim. Ib sab ntawm nws yog ib tug kwv tij me ntawm lub tsheb kauj vab. Nws tsis tshua to taub dab tsi tshwm sim. Nws tsuas yog zoo siab tias nws tus tij laug rov los ntawm tsev kawm ntawv thiab tam sim no ua si nrog nws. Hauv keeb kwm yog ib tug muam. Nws lub ntsej muag thiab kev txiav txim siab tsis tuaj yeem tsis pom. Nws tsis nkag siab tias yog vim li cas cov tub hluas thiaj litus cwj pwm tsis zoo rau kev kawm. Lub moos ntsa, lub qhov rais thiab lub qhov rooj rau chav yog kos. Qhov ntawd yog tag nrho daim duab "Dua deuce." Reshetnikov, tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv no muaj pes tsawg leeg, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lwm yam hauj lwm, depicted cov tub hluas li txaus siab rau fidgets, uas cov txiv neej tiag tiag yuav loj hlob.

Yog li, Fyodor Pavlovich Reshetnikov yog ib tus neeg ci ntsa iab, qub thiab txawv txawv tus cwj pwm. Nws yog ib tug zoo artist, cartoonist thiab sculptor. Ntawm cov lus qhia uas twb muaj lawm, nws tau txhawj xeeb txog socialist realism. Ib qho chaw tseem ceeb yog nyob ntawm cov menyuam lub ntsiab lus hauv nws txoj haujlwm. Cov no yog cov duab "Lawv tau txais cov lus", "Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev mus ntsib", "Rau kev thaj yeeb", "Duab deuce" thiab ntau lwm tus.