Dab tsi nta qhov txawv ntawm Lavxias teb sab painting ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th?

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Nyob rau xyoo pua 20, lub sijhawm los txog thaum tag nrho cov duab tig mus rau avant-garde. Thiab yog tias koj nug dab tsi txawv ntawm Lavxias teb sab painting ntawm lub sij hawm ntawd nyob rau hauv lwm lub teb chaws, peb muaj peev xwm hais nrog kev ntseeg siab: tag nrho cov neeg ua yeeb yam tau nqa tawm los ntawm avant-garde, uas txhais tau tias "ua ntej detachment" ua lus Fabkis.

Keeb Kwm paub ntau yam piv txwv ntawm yuav ua li cas, nyob rau lub sijhawm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, thaum qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub sijhawm los, cov neeg muaj tswv yim pib tsim cov kev tawm dag zog uas tsim los xav txog cov xwm txheej los ntawm qhov sib txawv prism. Txawm li cas los xij, lub xyoo pua 20th yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv qhov no.

pib ntawm Vanguard

Thawj kauj ruam ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Lavxias teb sab avant-garde tuaj rau xyoo 1907, thaum lub koom haum Blue Rose kos duab tau tsim, qhov chaw lees paub cov tswv ntawm neo-primitivism thiab cov cim sib sau ua ke.

Cov kev ua yeeb yam no tau nthuav dav tus choj mus rau qhov kev taw qhia tshiab hauv kev kos duab - avant-garde. Thawj cov neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv no yog Kazimir Malevich, Larionov thiab Goncharov, uas nws cov haujlwm tau khaws cia hauv Moscow Tsev khaws puav pheej.contemporary art.

Dab tsi nta qhov txawv ntawm Lavxias teb sab painting ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th? Nws nyob ntawm no hais tias lo lus "avant-garde" thawj zaug - nws tau nthuav tawm rau lub ntiaj teb los ntawm Benoit, piav qhia txog kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam los ntawm Jack of Diamonds muaj tswv yim koom haum, uas nyob rau xyoo 1910 tau nthuav tawm thawj cov duab tshiab los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev txawj ntse. saib rau cov mloog ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib ntawm Union of Artists exhibition. Txij thaum ntawd los, nws tau dhau los lees paub tias txhua qhov kev hloov pauv tshiab hauv daim teb no yog los ntawm Lavxias tus tswv ntawm txhuam.

Cov Neeg Sawv Cev ntawm Lavxias avant-garde

Ntse ntawm Lavxias teb sab painting ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. yog xws li cov avant-garde tshwm sim yog ib lub tswv yim dav, thaum nyob rau hauv nws lub hauv paus ntau thiab ntau tshiab stylistic tiam sis tau yug los.

Piv txwv li, ntau tus neeg ua yeeb yam Lavxias hauv lawv txoj haujlwm tau ua raws li cov kev cai ntawm European niaj hnub: cubism, suprematism, constructivism, rayonism, fauvism thiab futurism. Cov neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lub tebchaws avant-garde txav yog Kandinsky thiab Malevich. Lawv sawv ntawm lub hauv paus pib ntawm qhov kev ua yeeb yam ntau yam tshwm sim thiab dhau los ua "tus neeg ua txhaum" ntawm kev yug ntawm nws cov xeeb ntxwv - abstractionism.

Abstractionism yog qhov tsis yog hom phiaj kos duab, qhov twg tus kws kos duab tsuas yog siv nws txoj kev nkag siab ntawm kev muaj tiag rau cov duab, hla lub canons ntawm classical painting. Lub ntsiab kev kos duab ntawm cov style yog xim, uas pab cov tswv kom muab lub canvases nrog kev xav.

Kandinsky yog thawj zaug uas twv qhov kev sim no. Nws lub tswv yim thoob ntiaj teb yog qhia rau noob neej,cov suab paj nruag tuaj yeem piav qhia ntawm daim ntaub, uas nws muaj nws tus kheej xim thiab ib daim ntawv cais.

Los ntawm abstractionism mus rau suprematism

Russian painting tau hloov pauv mus thoob plaws hauv lub xyoo pua 20th.

Tom qab xyoo 1909, Kandinsky thawj zaug nthuav tawm nws thawj qhov kev paub daws teeb meem rau cov neeg thuam, nws tau ntsib Kazimir Malevich, uas, txawm hais tias nws yog tus kiv cua loj ntawm txhua yam tshiab, txawm li cas los xij txuas ntxiv cuam tshuam los ntawm kev xav. Txij thaum ntawd los, tus kws kos duab cov hauj lwm pib mus rau metamorphoses, uas los ntawm 1913 pom nws ua ib tug neeg sawv cev ntawm cubo-futurism.

Lub sijhawm dhau mus, Malevich ib zaug ntxiv tau taw qhia txog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm Lavxias painting ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th - nws tau los ua tus tsim ntawm cov qauv tshiab, hu ua Suprematism. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov kev taw qhia no yog tias cov duab plaub tau muab tso rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Qhov tseeb, Suprematism yog lwm hom abstractionism, vim nws muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo sib xws:

• ntseeg;
• tsis ntim;
• geometric (txhua yam tsis yog-volumetric geometric duab tuaj yeem tshwm sim, tab sis qhov nruab nrab ntawm daim duab yog duab plaub);
• asymmetry.

Malevich ntseeg tias Suprematism yog lub dav hlau tshiab ntawm kev kos duab, uas nkag mus rau kev nkag siab ntawm hom tshiab ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam uas tau tswj kom muaj sia nyob ntawm kev xav ntawm yav dhau los. Dab tsi nta distinguished Lavxias teb sabpainting thaum ntawd? Raws li cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Suprematism, qhov no yog lub sijhawm los nkag siab txog qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev kos duab, kom paub qhov muaj zog thiab zoo li qub ntawm qhov chaw los ntawm kev txo qhov chaw.