Lub portico yog dab tsi thiab vim li cas nws thiaj xav tau?

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Teb cov lus nug ntawm qhov portico yog qhov yooj yim heev. Nws yog ib qho cuab yeej cuab tam siv los ntawm cov neeg txij thaum ancient Greece. Yog koj xav tias koj tsis tau pom nws, koj ua yuam kev. Saib rau niaj hnub Lavxias teb sab 100 ruble banknote, nyob rau sab uas lub Bolshoi Theatre tsev yog depicted. Yim kab thawb mus rau pem hauv ntej, crowned nrog lub ru tsev duab peb sab, uas muaj cov duab puab ntawm Apollo ntawm lub quadriga los ntawm Klodt - qhov no yog lub portico. Tab sis hais txog qhov twg thiab thaum twg lub ntsiab architectural tshwm sim, uas ntawm cov tuam tsev nto moo nws adorns, peb yuav sim qhia rau hauv tsab xov xwm no.

Qhov no yog dab tsi?

Lo lus "portico" los ntawm Latin porticus, uas txhais tau tias "gallery". Lub portico hauv architecture yog ib feem ntawm lub tsev tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv thauj khoom uas txhawb nqa pem teb, xws li kab, arches lossis pilasters. Nws feem ntau yog khi rau sab hauv los ntawm lub tsev phab ntsa thiab qhib rau ntawm ib lossis ntau sab sab nraud. Yog li, lub caij no muaj peb qhov tseem ceeb: cov kab, cov entablature so ntawm lawv thiab pediment crowning tag nrho cov qauv. Lub portico zoo li cas? Ib daim duab,tus hauv qab no qhia txog qhov dej no.

Thawj zaug, lub portico tau tsim los ntawm cov kws tsim vaj tsev qub qub Greek. Lawv siv nws tsis tau tsuas yog raws li ib tug architectural keeb, tab sis kuj raws li ib tug cais lub tsev. Los ntawm tim Nkij teb chaws thaum ub, lub portico tau qiv thiab tom qab siv tau zoo los ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom hauv Rome thaum ub. Nws yog los ntawm qhov ntawd uas nws kis thoob plaws ntiaj teb thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau ntau haiv neeg European. Lawv kuj paub tias lub portico yog dab tsi nyob rau hauv medieval Europe, qhov twg nws adorned lub facades ntawm lub tuam tsev thiab palaces. Nws tau nrov tshwj xeeb hauv European classicism ntawm 18th-19th centuries.

Vim li cas thiaj xav tau?

Architects siv lub ntsiab lus no los daws ntau yam teeb meem:

• rau kho kom zoo nkauj hauv nruab nrab nkag mus rau hauv lub tsev;
• raws li kev sib txuas ntawm sab hauv thiab lub ntsiab nkag;
• yog qhov kawg ntawm lub hauv paus spatial axis ntawm lub palace thiab chaw ua si ensemble.

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Qhia txog qhov portico yog dab tsi, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov ntau ntawm nws hom. Yog hais tias koj tsis mus rau hauv architectural thiab kev tsim subtleties, ces qhov yooj yim kev faib yog raws li nyob rau hauv tus naj npawb ntawm txhua kab siv nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb rooj plaub.

Plaub-kem, raws li lub npe qhia, muaj plaub tus ncej. Nws tau dav siv nyob rau hauv ancient Greek thiab Roman architecture nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub tuam tsev thiab pej xeem vaj tse. Lub nto moo tshaj plaws plaub-kem portico hauv architecture yog sab qaum teb ib hauv Tsev Dawb hauv Tebchaws Meskas.

Lub rau-kem adorned lub facades ntawm Doric cov tsev thiab kev cai dab qhuas vaj tse ntawm Ancient tim Nkij teb chaws, xws li lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Poseidon ntawm Cape Sunia los yog lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Concord ntawm Agrigenta. Hom portico no kuj tau siv los kho qee lub tuam tsev hauv Ionic style, xws li Erechtheion hauv Athenian Acropolis. Tom qab lub colonization ntawm cov cheeb tsam yav qab teb ntawm Ltalis los ntawm Greeks, nws tau txais los ntawm Etruscans thiab Loos. Niaj hnub no, ib qho piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Roman 6-columned portico yog Maison Carré hauv Nîmes, Fabkis. Thiab nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, ntawm lub pavilions ntawm lub Admir alty overlooking lub Neva embankment, koj yuav pom classic Lavxias teb sab piv txwv ntawm cov architectural ntsiab.

Octastyle yog ib lub portico nrog yim tus ncej. Lawv tau siv nyob rau hauv classical Greek architecture tsis tshua muaj, tab sis xws li cov tsev nrog cov ntsiab lus xws li Roman Pantheon los yog Athenian Parthenon tau muaj sia nyob rau niaj hnub no. Hom portico no kuj suav nrog cov uas adorn lub façade ntawm Bolshoi Theatre hauv Moscow thiab lub tsev ntawm Synod nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg.

Decastyle yog, piv txwv li, lub portico ntawm New Hermitage hauv St. Petersburg lossis University College London ntawm kaum tus ncej.

Lub Nroog Porticos - Bologna

Yog tias nyob rau hauv tag nrho lwm lub nroog thiab lub tebchaws koj yuav tsum nrhiav cov tsev uas dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov khoom no, tom qab ntawd hauv Italian Bologna, txhua tus neeg nyob hauv lub nroog paub tias lub portico yog dab tsi thiab yuav zoo siab qhia koj tias yuav mus rau hauv plawv nroog. Txog 38 km ntawm arcades tsuas yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw keeb kwm, thiab npog portico galleries khiav los ntawm tag nrho.city.

Zaj dab neeg ntawm lawv lub ntsej muag yog qhov nthuav heev. Nyob rau hauv medieval Bologna, qhov teeb meem ntawm industrial thiab khw muag khoom qhov chaw yog heev mob. Cov thawj coj ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd tuaj nrog txoj kev tawm tswv yim zoo heev: lawv tau txiav txim siab nthuav dav thaj chaw siv tau los ntawm kev txav ib feem ntawm thaj chaw mus rau txoj kev. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev tso kawm ntawm ntau lub lag luam thiab kev lag luam hauv thaj chaw qhib tau nyiam cov neeg nyob hauv zos thiab cov neeg tuaj xyuas. Thaum xub thawj, lawv cov vaults tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm cov kab ntoo, uas tau hloov nrog marble thiab cov ncej zeb. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv tsis tsuas yog architectural, tab sis kuj muaj nuj nqis keeb kwm.