9 Shostakovich Symphony thiab nws keeb kwm
9 Shostakovich Symphony thiab nws keeb kwm

Video: 9 Shostakovich Symphony thiab nws keeb kwm

Video: 9 Shostakovich Symphony thiab nws keeb kwm
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Dmitry Dmitrievich Shostakovich yug rau lub Cuaj Hlis 25, 1906 hauv nroog St. Nws yog nyob rau hnub no lub ntiaj teb nto moo composer Lavxias teb sab. Ntxiv nrog rau kev sau ntawv, nws kuj muaj kev txawj ntse ntawm pianist, koom nrog kev ua suab paj nruag thiab kev sib raug zoo thiab qhia.

Dmitry Shostakovich
Dmitry Shostakovich

Kev ua haujlwm

Txij xyoo 1960 nws yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm CPSU. Los ntawm 1957 txog 1974, nws tuav txoj haujlwm siab hauv Pawg Thawj Coj ntawm Cov Koom Haum Koom Tes ntawm USSR (Secretary thiab Thawj Tswj Hwm).

Nws tau txais lub npe ntawm Hero of Socialist Labor thiab Neeg Artist ntawm USSR.

Nws kuj muaj lub hnab nqa khoom loj ntawm cov khoom plig: 5 Stalin Prizes, Lenin Prize, State Prizes ntawm USSR thiab RSFSR muaj npe tom qab Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka.

Txhua qhov txiaj ntsig saum toj no tau muab rau nws ua tsaug rau ntau qhov kev sau zoo heev. Nov yog:

  • symphonies (15);
  • concerts (6);
  • ballets (3);
  • opera (3);
  • music rau cov yeeb yaj kiab ("Tus Saib Xyuas Hluas", "Hamlet" thiab 26 lwm cov ntawv sau) thiab cov ntawv tas luav ("Ntxhais ruam nas", "Dance of the Dolls");
  • music tokev ua yeeb yam (8);
  • chamber vocal, choral thiab instrumental music.

9 Shostakovich Symphony

Xyoo 1943, tus kws sau ntawv yuav tsum tau sau ib txoj haujlwm uas yuav hu nkauj ntawm lub tebchaws thiab nws yeej nyob rau yav tom ntej tsis deb dhau. Shostakovich tshaj tawm cov creation ntawm cov hauj lwm rau pej xeem. Cov neeg thuam thiab cov neeg mloog xav tias yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm kev ua yeeb yam, qhuas txog kev ua tiav ntawm tib neeg thiab lub xeev.

Image
Image

Brief history of creation

Kev ua haujlwm tau pib hauv thawj lub hlis tom qab tsov rog, tab sis los ntawm 1945 sau thawj ntu nyuaj. Shostakovich tau cog lus tias yuav sau Symphony 9 nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm Beethoven lub xeem symphonic ua hauj lwm nrog ib tug soloist, hu nkauj thiab orchestra.

Ntawm lub rooj sib tham nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm thaum Lub Ib Hlis 16, 1945, tus kws sau ntawv tau hais tias nws txoj haujlwm tau pib, tab sis tom qab ntawd nws cuam tshuam nws txoj haujlwm 3 lub hlis ntev. Qhov no tau tshwm sim los ntawm tus kws sau ntawv tsis kam lees los ntawm lub tswv yim qub. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis sib xws tau rov pib dua thaum lub caij ntuj sov, lossis lub Xya Hli 26.

Shostakovich nyob rau hauv adulthood
Shostakovich nyob rau hauv adulthood

Lub Yim Hli 30 Shostakovich xaus rau qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke. Qhov tshwm sim ua rau txhua tus xav tsis thoob, vim tias tsis yog qhov xwm txheej loj heev, qhov qhab nia nrog qhov zais sarcasm thiab siab siab tau yug los. Tsuas yog part 4 xwb thiaj ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab.

Lub sijhawm ntawm kev ua yeeb yam tsis pub dhau ib nrab teev (26 feeb), uas tsis haum rau cov duab loj.

Premier and result

Qhov kev tshwm sim tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1945 hauv nroog Leningrad. Lub symphony tau ua los ntawm Philharmonic Orchestra ua los ntawm Evgeny Mravinsky. Txawm hais tias muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tau cog lus tseg, txoj haujlwm tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm cov neeg thuam thiab raug xaiv tsa rau Stalin nqi zog.

Shostakovich Concert
Shostakovich Concert

Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua tus neeg xav tib yam, thiab xyoo 1946 Shostakovich's 9th Symphony ua tsis tiav. Cov tub ceev xwm tau poob siab nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv thiab liam tus tsim ntawm formalism. Txhua qhov kev tsis txaus siab ua rau muaj kev txwv tsis pub muaj (Txoj Cai Tswjfwm Ntiag Tug ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees ntawm All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks)) ntawm kev ua yeeb yam ntawm symphony txoj cai txog 1955.

qauv

Txawm tias me me, lub suab nkauj muaj 5 ntu, 3 qhov ua si ua ke tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam (3-4-5).

  1. Allegro (briskly) embodies lub teeb duab nrog kov ntawm Mozart's lossis Haydn's sonata allegro. Suab nkauj muaj ib tug tsis tu siab thiab tsuas plam nws nyob rau hauv lub reprise.
  2. Moderato (mos) suab hauv lub suab paj nruag. Lub zog yog brimming nrog kev pom thiab kev xav, ua tsaug rau ib tug tu siab clarinet lub ntsiab thiab ib tug agitated sab ib feem ua si los ntawm cov hlua.
  3. Presto (ceev) yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov dhau los. Lub suab paj nruag hauv scherzo (fgment hauv nrawm nrawm), pib ntawm tus cwj pwm tsis tu ncua, txhim kho mus rau hauv ib yam dab tsi txaus ntshai thiab swirls dhau ntawm tus lej 4.
  4. Largo (dav) yuam kom ua kom tag nrho cov duab ntawm cov nkauj-comedy muaj pes tsawg leeg. Lub suab paj nruag puv nrog kev nyuaj siab ntxhov plawv. Lub ntsiab lus ua si los ntawm bassoon yog qhov kev quaj ntsuag.
  5. Allegretto - allegro sab nraudtej zaum yuav zoo siab. Txawm li cas los, lub bassoon ua ntej, nyob rau hauv lub personification ntawm kev tu siab, dheev hloov mus rau hauv ib yam dab tsi comical, tawm hauv qab ib hom sediment. Qhov kawg coda suab nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 4th symphony los ntawm tus kws sau ntawv Gustav Mahler (ib qho ntawm Shostakovich nyiam cov suab paj nruag).
Tus neeg xyuas pib ntawm orchestra
Tus neeg xyuas pib ntawm orchestra

Instruments of the 9th Symphony by Shostakovich

Pab neeg tooj dag suav nrog cov neeg sawv cev hauv qab no:

  • flute (2);
  • piccolo flute (1);
  • oboe (2);
  • clarinet (2);
  • bassoon (2);
  • horn (4);
  • pipe (2);
  • trombone (3);
  • tuba (1).

Kuv xav hais tias tsev neeg suab paj nruag txawv los ntawm ntau hom suab paj nruag. Tag nrho cov npe ntawm percussion instruments ntawm 9th Symphony los ntawm Shostakovich:

  • timpani;
  • bells;
  • loj thiab ntxwj nruas;
  • peb;
  • plates;
  • tambourine.
Symphony Orchestra
Symphony Orchestra

Txhawb nqa cov cuab yeej saum toj no, kev txhawb nqa los ntawm cov hlua sib koom kuj suav nrog.

Result

D. D. Shostakovich tau paub rau tag nrho lub ntiaj teb thaum muaj hnub nyoog 20, thaum nws thawj symphony suab nyob rau theem ntawm lub teb chaws USA, Europe thiab lub USSR. Ib xyoo caum tom qab, tus kws sau paj huam thiab kev ua yeeb yam tau ua nyob rau theem ntawm cov yeeb yam zoo tshaj plaws.

Composer Shostakovich
Composer Shostakovich

9 Dmitry Shostakovich's symphony tseem yog lwm qhov pov thawj tias tus kws sau ntawv ua haujlwm yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm "zoo Lavxias teb sabera thiab world music."

Pom zoo: