Poet Boris Slutsky: biography thiab creativity

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

B. Slutsky yog ib tug kws sau paj lug Lavxias. Txoj hmoo muaj tswv yim ntawm tus kws sau ntawv tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev uas, tau luam tawm thawj zaj nkauj ua ntej ua tsov ua rog nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1941, nws nyob twj ywm rau ntau tshaj 10 xyoo (tus kws sau paj huam tau lees tias thaum tsov rog nws tsim ib zaj paj huam - "Cologne. Pit"). Cov hauj lwm tom ntej - "Monument" - tau luam tawm los ntawm tus kws sau ntawv thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1953

Ob hnub no tau sib cais los ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog: B. Slutsky nyob rau hauv tsov rog tau 4 xyoo. Nws pom tus kws sau ntawv hauv cheeb tsam Smolensk. Tus kws sau paj lug xaus kev tsov rog hauv Austria thiab Yugoslavia, tau lub plhaub-shocked thiab raug mob vim nws sim ua tub rog.

Slutsky nthuav dav cov nqe lus, nws tau tswj kom yeej qhov chaw loj rau paj huam los ntawm kev hais lus. Lub neej prose qhia lub voj voog thematic uas tus kws sau paj huam tau mus, thiab tau taw qhia rau nws txoj kev xaiv ntawm tus phab ej - cov tub rog, cov neeg nyob ze hauv chav tsev sib tham, thiab lwm yam.

Boris Slutsky. Biography

B. Slutsky, kws sau paj lug thiab kws sau ntawv, yug rau lub Tsib Hlis 7, 1919 hauv Slavyansk. Cov niam txiv: txiv yog ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm, niam yog ib tug kws qhia suab paj nruag. Tus kws sau ntawv tau siv nws thaum yau thiab cov hluas hauv Kharkov, qhov chaw nws dhuav thiab nyuaj. Tsev neeg yog neeg nruab nrab. Cov niam txiv xav tau txhua yamlawv cov menyuam tau txais kev kawm suab paj nruag. Thaum lub sij hawm kawm ntawv, Boris tau los ua phooj ywg nrog Kulchitsky, uas tau pom zoo cog lus nyob rau hauv paj huam, tab sis tuag nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej. Boris Slutsky nco txog nws tag nrho nws lub neej, thiab qhov no txhais tau tias ntau hauv nws txoj haujlwm.

Nws yooj yim rau Boris kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv: thaum muaj hnub nyoog 6 xyoo nws tau nyeem tag nrho lub nroog lub tsev qiv ntawv, tau mus kawm cov chav kawm ntawv ntawm Palace of Pioneers. Boris Slutsky ua ntej ua tsov ua rog yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub zej zog ntawm kev muaj tswv yim kev taw qhia rau cov tub ntxhais hluas, uas nws cov tswv cuab yog Kulchitsky, Glazkov, Samoilov.

Kev kawm thiab lub neej hauv kev ua tsov ua rog

Vim yog nws txiv txoj kev ntshaw, Boris Slutsky tau mus kawm hauv Kws Lij Choj Txoj Cai. Tab sis nws tus kheej xav los ua ib tug kws sau paj lug, yog li nws nkag mus rau hauv lub koom haum ntawm Literature. Nws kawm tiav hauv 1941. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, Boris Slutsky luam tawm nws thawj paj huam. Phau ntawv keeb kwm qhia ntxiv hais tias nyob rau hauv kev ua tsov ua rog nws yog ib tug nom tswv ua hauj lwm, ib tug kws qhia nyob rau hauv lub nom tswv department. Nws tawm hauv pab tub rog nrog qib loj hauv xyoo 1946.

Sib ntaus rau sab hnub poob, sab qab teb sab hnub poob, ntawm Ukrainian pem hauv ntej thiab hauv Belarus, Yugoslavia, Romania. Hauv tsov rog nws raug mob thiab plhaub-shocked. Thaum lub sij hawm tsov rog xyoo, nws yuav luag tsis sau vim yog kev ua phem. Tom qab hnub yeej, Slutsky tsim cov ntawv sau hais txog lub xyoo kawg ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog thiab lub hli tom qab. Nyob rau lub sijhawm tom qab tsov rog, Slutsky tau nyob hauv tsev kho mob: nws feem ntau mob taub hau, nws ua rau ob lub pob txha taub hau. Nws raug tso tawm ntawm tub rog raws li qhov tsis raug.

Xyoo 1948, tus kws sau ntawv rov pib sau cov paj huam uas coj nws rov qab los. Thaum ntawd nws tsis muaj tsev - nwschav tsev xauj thiab tsim cov xov tooj cua sib xyaw rau cov txiv neej hluas thiab menyuam yaus. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tau sau thawj peb caug zaj paj huam, uas ua rau nws muaj koob meej. Txawm tias ua ntej lawv tau luam tawm, cov paj huam no tau paub nyob rau hauv lub voj voog ntawm kev sau ntawv. Tsis muaj peev xwm tshaj tawm cov paj huam no.

Kev muaj tswv yim thiab kev sau ntawv

Tus kws sau paj huam Boris Slutsky tau koom nrog Lub Koom Haum Sau Ntawv hauv xyoo 1957. Thawj sau paj huam hu ua "Nco". Los ntawm 1957 txog 1973 ob peb phau ntawv tau luam tawm, sau "Hnub no thiab nag hmo", "Lub Sijhawm", "Ua haujlwm", thiab lwm yam. Thawj zaug, Boris Slutsky tau hais rau pej xeem hauv xyoo 1960 hauv Kharkov cov lus qhuab qhia. Nws yog nthuav tias nws tau ua yeeb yaj kiab hauv zaj duab xis los ntawm Marlen Khutsiev nyob rau hauv lub rov hais txog lub tsev khaws puav pheej, nyob rau hauv uas nws ua raws li ib tug kws sau paj lug. Tus kws sau ntawv keeb kwm pom lub teeb tsuas yog tom qab xyoo 1987

Twb thawj cov haujlwm ntawm Slutsky tau ua pov thawj tias tus kws sau ntawv yog ib tus neeg uas raug kev txom nyem ntau thiab muaj kev paub zoo hauv lub neej. Nws muaj kev paub paub txog txhua yam, nrog rau kev txiav txim siab zoo thiab kev khuv leej. Tus kws sau ntawv piav tsis yog nws tiam neeg xwb - nws piav txog kev sim siab uas cov neeg tau dhau mus.

Boris Slutsky yog qhov tsis meej meej pom hauv lub voj voog ntawm cov ntawv sau. Ntau tus ntawm nws lub sijhawm rau txim rau nws rau kev hais lus tawm tsam B. Pasternak hauv xyoo 1958, uas Pasternak raug ntiab tawm ntawm pawg phooj ywg. Cov kwv tij kwv tij xav tias nws txhawj xeeb txog qhov nws ua thiab nco txog nws mus txog thaum kawg ntawm nws lub neej.

Problems of Slutsky's paj huam

Nws tsom ntsoov rau cov teeb meem ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, nws qhov xwm txheej thiab kev cia siab, kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov phooj ywg uas muaj sia nyobkiv puag ncig thiab tsov rog, hnyav totalitarian tsoom fwv, tsuj ntawm tib neeg lub tswv yim.

Slutsky nthuav tawm cov lus paj huam. Prose muaj kev cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov ntsiab lus poetic: lus, intonation, qauv ntawm cov duab. Nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev bold thiab dav, Slutsky siv lub jargon ntawm cov tub rog nyob rau hauv tsov rog, uas nkag mus rau hauv kev sib tham raws li clericalism. Rhythmic cuam tshuam, omissions, repetitions - tag nrho cov no yog rhiab heev los ntawm tus kws sau ntawv. Nws cov paj huam yog angular, tab sis qhov no tsuas yog ib qho kev sim los rhuav tshem cov ntaub ntawv smoothness.

Tus kws sau paj lug tsev neeg thiab kev tuag

Slutsky pom nws tsev neeg lig. Nws tus poj niam Tatyana Dashkovskaya tuag vim mob qog noj ntshav hauv xyoo 1977. Creativity coj tus kws sau paj lug rov qab mus rau lub neej. Slutsky, vam tias yuav kov yeej kev nyuaj siab, muab nws tus kheej rau paj huam. Rau 3 lub hlis tus kws sau paj lug sau tau 80 zaj paj huam. Tom qab ntawd, nws tsis sau dab tsi.

Boris Slutsky tsiv mus rau Tula mus nrog nws tus tij laug, nyob nrog nws tsev neeg, thiab tuag nyob ntawd. Qhov no tshwm sim rau lub Ob Hlis 23, 1986. Boris Slutsky, uas nws monument tau tsa nyob rau hauv Moscow ntawm lub toj ntxas Pyatnitsky, yog ib tug neeg tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.