2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Maya Mikhailovna Plisetskaya yog ib tus poj niam zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj heev. Txawm li cas los xij nws tau txais txiaj ntsig: divine, unsurpassed, ballerina-element, "genius, siab tawv thiab avant-garde" (ib qho kev qhia ntawm Fabkis tus kws ntaus pob ballet A. F. Ersen). Thiab nws yog txhua yam hais txog nws.
Lub neej yav tom ntej ballerina Maya Plisetskaya yug hauv Moscow rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis 20, 1925. Nws niam nws txiv yog tus ua yeeb yaj kiab uas ntsiag to Rachel Messeser-Plisetskaya thiab tus kws tshaj lij Mikhail Plisetsky. Leej txiv raug tsim txom thiab raug tua nyob rau hauv 1937, thiab nyob rau hauv 1938 leej niam thiab nws tus tub kuj tau mus nyob rau hauv tsev lojcuj ntawm Butyrka. Maya raug coj los ntawm nws tus phauj, Shulamith Messeser, thiab nws tus kwv yau raug coj los ntawm nws tus txiv ntxawm, Asaf Messeser. Nkawd ob leeg puav leej yog tus ua las voos zoo heev.
Maya Plisetskaya phau ntawv keeb kwm pib ua tus ntaus pob thaum muaj hnub nyoog 9 xyoos, thaum tus ntxhais tau los ua tub ntxhais kawm ntawm Moscow Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Kev Ua Yeeb Yam. Nws tam sim ntawd nyiam cov kws qhia ntawv nrog nws cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub cev, suab paj nruag thiab temperament, zoo tagnrho rau ballet. Nws tau tso siab rau lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kawm tsim khoom.
Thaum tsov rog, nws kawm tiav tsev kawm ntawv qib siab thiab lub Plaub Hlis 1, 1943 los ua tus ntaus pob ntawm Bolshoiua yeeb yam. Biography ntawm Maya Plisetskaya ntawm Bolshoi tsis yog ib txwm mus ntseeg nkaws. Thaum xub thawj, nws tau mus kawm rau hauv lub corps de ballet, txawm lub fact tias, raws li ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv, nws seev cev solo nyob rau theem ntawm ib ceg ntawm lub teb chaws lub ntsiab ua yeeb yam. Tom qab ntawd cov tub ntxhais kawm tiav pib koom nrog hauv kev ua yeeb yam hauv tebchaws. Lub sijhawm no, nws "Dying Swan" (Saint-Saens) tau yug los, tus neeg ntaus pob kos npe thoob plaws hauv nws lub neej theem. Txog nws qhov kev ua las voos no, Plisetskaya tau hais tias: "Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev seev cev rau suab paj nruag, thiab tsis yog suab paj nruag."
Thawj zaug hauv lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm theem ntawm Bolshoi Theatre, Maya Plisetskaya tau tshwm sim ua Masha hauv Nutcracker (suab paj nruag los ntawm Tchaikovsky) hauv xyoo 1942. Muaj tseeb, nws yog qhov hloov pauv rau cov neeg ua yeeb yam mob, tab sis ua tsaug rau lub luag haujlwm no, nws tau pom. Tsis ntev, tus debutante pib muab lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ballet ua yeeb yam: Giselle (thawj ib lub jeeps, thiab ces Mirtha, 1944), lub caij nplooj zeeg fairy nyob rau hauv Prokofiev's Cinderella (1945), lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv Glazunov's Raymonda (1945), Odette- Odile nyob rau hauv Tchaikovsky lub Swan Lake. Phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Maya Plisetskaya yog cim los ntawm kev hais tias lub luag haujlwm no tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb tsis yog hauv nws txoj haujlwm, tab sis nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov repertoire ntawm Bolshoi Theatre. Txhua tus thawj coj ntawm tsoomfwv txawv tebchaws, thawj tswj hwm thiab vajntxwv tau raug coj mus rau Swan Lake nrog Plisetskaya hauv lub luag haujlwm lub luag haujlwm. Qhov kev ua yeeb yam no tau paub thoob plaws ntiaj teb, thiab cov neeg tuaj saib tam sim ntawd muag daim pib sai li sai tau thaum lawv nyeem cov ntawv sau rau ntawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm: "Maya Plisetskaya."
Nws biography raws li ib tug ballerina ntxiv tau sai heev: Zarema nyob rau hauv tus ciav ntawm Bakhchisarai (suab paj nruag Asafiev), Tsar Maiden nyob rau hauv lub Me Humpbacked Nees (suab paj nruag Puni), ob peb lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Don Quixote (suab paj nruag. Minkus).
Nws tau txais lub npe thawj Honour, thiab tom qab ntawd Cov Neeg Ua Yeeb Yam ntawm USSR.
Hmoov tsis zoo, phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Maya Plisetskaya (qhov tseeb tias nws los ntawm ib tsev neeg ntawm cov yeeb ncuab ntawm cov neeg) tau ntev dhau los ua teeb meem rau nws txoj kev mus txawv tebchaws. Thiab Bolshoi Theatre ncig xyuas yam tsis muaj nws qhov tseem ceeb. Qhov no txuas ntxiv mus txog xyoo 1959, thaum, ua tsaug rau kev siv zog ntawm nws tus txiv, tus kws sau ntawv Rodion Shchedrin (lawv tau sib yuav hauv 1958 thiab txuas ntxiv ua tsev neeg zoo siab rau hnub no), nws tau tswj hwm koom nrog US ncig saib thawj zaug.
Lwm "lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub neej" ntawm Maya Plisetskaya tuaj yeem hu ua Carmen los ntawm kev ua yeeb yam "Carmen Suite" (1967). Cov suab paj nruag tau sau los ntawm Shchedrin (ib qho kev sau npe ntawm lub npe nrov ua yeeb yam los ntawm Bizet), kev tsim khoom tau ua los ntawm Cuban choreographer Alberto Alonso. Thawj thawj zaug, cov neeg saib Moscow pom ib tug ballerina seev cev tsis yog ntawm nws cov ntiv taw, tab sis ntawm nws tag nrho ko taw. Qhov kev ua tau zoo, zoo li txhua yam tshiab, tsis tau txais tam sim ntawd. Thaum xub thawj, Plisetskaya raug liam tias "kev ntxeev siab ntawm classical ballet", tab sis dhau sij hawm, qhov kev ua tau zoo tau txais kev vam meej tsis yog nrog peb, tab sis kuj nrog cov pej xeem Spanish, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb rau kev tshoov siab thiab ua yeeb yam ntawm lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb.
Nyob rau hauv lig eighties thiab thaum ntxov nineties, thaum muaj ntau yam hloov nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, Maya Plisetskaya pib ua hauj lwm nquag nyob rau hauv ltalis thiab Spain. Nyob rau hauv Moscow, nws tau los ua tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm Imperial Lavxias teb sab Ballet. Nws ncig ntau heev thiab ua haujlwm ntawm kev caw cov chaw ua yeeb yam thoob ntiaj teb.
Tam sim no Maya Mikhailovna feem ntau nyob txawv teb chaws, hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees. Nws tau txais ntau yam khoom plig txawv teb chaws thiab Lavxias. Cov yeeb yaj kiab tau tsim txog nws, cov phau ntawv tau raug sau tseg, kev ua yeeb yam tau raug tso tawm uas nws tso rau hauv cov lej seev cev. Nws muaj 88 xyoo, tab sis nws tseem slim, haum thiab zoo nkauj.
Pom zoo:
Classical Literature (Lavxias teb sab). Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv classical: ib daim ntawv teev cov hauj lwm zoo tshaj plaws
Classical cov ntaub ntawv (Lavxias teb sab) yog ib lub tswvyim dav, thiab txhua tus muab lawv lub ntsiab lus rau hauv. Cov neeg tsim ntawm Lavxias teb sab classics yeej ib txwm muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv zej zog. Lawv yeej tsis ua raws li kev coj ncaj ncees, tsis tau npaj cov lus teb rau hauv lawv tej hauj lwm. Cov kws sau ntawv tau teeb tsa txoj haujlwm nyuaj rau tus nyeem ntawv thiab yuam kom nws xav txog nws txoj kev daws teeb meem
Lavxias teb sab kws ua yeeb yam ntawm xyoo pua 18th. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws paintings ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th los ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntxias
Pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th yog lub sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm Lavxias teb sab painting. Iconography ploj mus rau hauv keeb kwm yav dhau, thiab cov neeg ua yeeb yam Lavxias ntawm xyoo pua 18th pib ua tus tswv ntau yam. Hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav tham txog cov kws ua yeeb yam nto moo thiab lawv cov haujlwm
Keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai txheej txheem thiab ncua sij hawm ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv. Periodization ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv ntawm lub 19th-20th centuries: rooj
Russian cov ntaub ntawv yog ib qho khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm tag nrho cov neeg Lavxias. Yog tsis muaj nws, txij li thaum xyoo pua 19th, lub ntiaj teb kab lis kev cai tsis xav txog. Keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai txheej txheem thiab periodization ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv muaj nws tus kheej logic thiab cov yam ntxwv nta. Pib dhau ib txhiab xyoo dhau los, nws qhov tshwm sim txuas ntxiv mus rau hauv lub sijhawm ntawm peb hnub. Nws yog nws leej twg yuav yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm kab lus no
Daim ntawv teev cov neeg tshawb nrhiav zoo tshaj plaws (cov phau ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st). Qhov zoo tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab thiab txawv teb chaws detective phau ntawv: ib daim ntawv teev. Detectives: ib daim ntawv teev cov kws sau ntawv zoo tshaj plaws
Cov kab lus sau cov neeg tshawb nrhiav zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov kws sau ntawv ntawm hom kev ua txhaum cai, uas nws cov haujlwm yuav tsis tso tseg tsis muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm tus kiv cua ntawm kev ua yeeb yam
Npe ntawm tej hauj lwm ntawm ancient Lavxias teb sab painting. Cov duab ntawm ancient Lavxias teb sab painting
Cov npe ntawm cov haujlwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab hnub qub duab los ntawm tus neeg pleev kob Andrei Rublev - "Kev Tshaj Tawm", "Archangel Gabriel", "Descent into Hell" thiab ntau lwm tus - tau paub dav txawm tias cov neeg tsis txaus siab. hauv art
