2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Biography ntawm Friedrich Schiller yog nplua nuj thiab nthuav heev. Nws yog tus kws sau paj huam, kws sau paj huam, thiab tus sawv cev tseem ceeb ntawm kev nyiam romantic. Nws tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau cov neeg tsim ntawm lub teb chaws cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees niaj hnub. Johann Friedrich Schiller yog ib tug neeg paub txog keeb kwm, kos duab theorist, thiab tus kws tshawb fawb. Tsis tas li ntawd, Schiller yog ib tug kws kho mob tub rog. Cov nyiaj kub ntawm kev ua yeeb yam yuav tsis ua tiav yog tias tsis ua haujlwm ntawm Friedrich Schiller. Nws nrov tsis yog hauv nws lub tebchaws xwb, tab sis thoob plaws sab av loj.
Pib sau
Zaj dab neeg txog Friedrich Schiller pib nrog nws yug hauv lub nroog Marbach am Neckar. Nws tshwm sim rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis 10, 1759. Nws yog paub tias nws txiv yog ib tug tub ceev xwm kws kho mob. Tib lub sijhawm, tsev neeg nyob txom nyem heev. Cov huab cua ntawm kev ntseeg prevailed nyob rau hauv tsev neeg. Tus me nyuam tub tau txais nws thawj txoj kev kawm ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv Latin ntawm Ludwigsburg, qhov chaw nws tau txais ua tsaug rau tus xibhwb ntawm lub nroog Lorch xyoo 1764. Los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Duke ntawm Württemberg, Friedrich nkag mus rau hauv tub rog academy.
Kev tsim ntawm tus cwj pwm ntawm Friedrich Schiller
Nyob hauv nws txoj kev npau suav, Friedrich Schiller pom nws tus kheej ua pov thawj. Tab sisnws tsis tau sim nws tus kheej hauv cheeb tsam no, txij li thaum nws kawm txoj cai. Tom qab ntawd, xyoo 1776, nws tau tsiv mus rau Kws Kho Mob. Nws nyob ntawm no tias nws pib koom nrog hauv paj huam thiab sau nws tus kheej. Yog li pib nws txoj kev mus ntev ua tus kws sau paj huam. Nws thawj txoj hauj lwm yog lub ode "Tus Conqueror", nws tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub magazine "German Chronicles". Johann Friedrich Schiller, uas nws phau ntawv keeb kwm luv luv tsis tuaj yeem muaj tag nrho cov haujlwm uas nws tau sau, suav tias txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv nws txoj kev loj hlob.
Ob xyoos dhau los, nws tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj thiab nws thawj txoj haujlwm - kws kho mob tub rog. Ib qho xwm txheej zoo sib xws tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1781, thaum thawj zaug hauv nws lub neej nws tau luam tawm zaj yeeb yaj kiab The Robbers rau nws tus kheej cov nyiaj. Nws xaus nrog lub fact tias nyob rau hauv 1783, thaum sim mus rau hauv ib tug ua yeeb yam raws li nws ua yeeb yam nyob rau hauv Mannheim, nws raug ntes thiab txwv tsis pub sau ntawv tej hauj lwm. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias nws ua yeeb yam "tub sab" yog ib tug zoo kawg nkaus ua yeeb yam. Lub npe ntawm tus txawj ua yeeb yam playwright tau dhau los ua neeg paub. Los ntawm txoj kev, rau txoj hauj lwm no, Schiller tau txais lub npe ntawm Honorary Citizen ntawm Fabkis thaum lub sij hawm revolutionary xyoo. Tab sis qhov ntawd yog tom qab, thiab nyob rau hauv 1783 Schiller yuav tsum tau tawm ntawm Württemberg vim yog lub txim hnyav rau nws. Thaum xub thawj nws nyob hauv lub zos Oggersheim, thiab tom qab ntawd tsiv mus rau Beyerbach. Nws nyob qhov ntawd tsis yog nws lub npe nyob rau hauv ib tug phooj ywg.
Tus kws sau ua yeeb yam thawj zaug
Rov qab mus rau Mannheim Frederick ua tiav xyoo 1784. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws pib npaj rau staging nws tshiab plays, uas coj nws lub koob meej ntawm thawj playwright.lub teb chaws. Johann Friedrich Schiller, uas nws phau ntawv keeb kwm luv luv yog nplua nuj heev, tau txais koob meej txhua xyoo. Txawm hais tias nws nyob hauv Mannheim tau raug cai, nws txiav txim siab tsiv mus rau Leipzig thawj zaug, thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau lub zos me me ntawm Loschwitz.
Kev hloov pauv tiag tiag hauv Friedrich lub neej pib thaum Lub Yim Hli 1787, thaum nws tsiv mus rau qhov chaw ntawm haiv neeg kab lis kev cai, lub nroog Weimar. K. M. Vilonda tau caw nws mus koom tes nrog cov neeg paub zoo nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd cov ntawv xov xwm German Mercury. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo nws yog tus publisher ntawm lub magazine "Thalia". Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb tshwm sim hauv lub neej thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws sau ntawv. Friedrich Schiller, uas nws phau ntawv keeb kwm luv luv thiab ua haujlwm tau suav nrog ntau yam haujlwm, overestimated tag nrho nws cov kev ua tiav. Nws xav tias nws tsis muaj kev txawj ntse. Qhov no yuam kom tus kws sau ntawv ncua nws txoj haujlwm muaj tswv yim thiab kawm txog kev xav, kev zoo nkauj thiab keeb kwm ntawm ntau qhov tob. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia no yog ib txoj hauj lwm hu ua "Keeb kwm ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm lub Netherlands", ua tsaug rau nws nce nws lub koob npe nrov nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb voj voog.
Frederick's tsiv mus rau Jena
Nws txav mus rau Jena yog txuam nrog tau txais lub npe ntawm tus kws tshaj lij ntawm keeb kwm thiab kev xav, uas nws tau txais ua tsaug rau kev pab los ntawm nws cov phooj ywg. Xyoo 1799, Schiller tau sib yuav thiab pib ua haujlwm ntawm Keeb Kwm ntawm Peb caug Xyoo Tsov Rog.
Nyob rau xyoo 1791, tus kws sau ntawv tau muaj xim dub. Ntawmnws raug kuaj mob tuberculosis, uas cuam tshuam rau nws txoj haujlwm. Nws qhov xwm txheej nyiaj txiag tau shaken tom qab nws yuav tsum tso cov lus qhuab qhia. Qhov xwm txheej tau raug kho los ntawm cov phooj ywg zoo uas tau pab nws thoob plaws hauv nws lub neej. Tag nrho cov teeb meem thiab teeb meem no tsis tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev imbued nrog lub tswv yim ntawm Kant. Raws li nws lub hwj chim, nws tau sau ntau yam haujlwm uas tau mob siab rau kev zoo nkauj.
Shiller tus cwj pwm rau kev hloov pauv
Zaj dab neeg ntawm Friedrich Schiller cuam tshuam nrog Fabkis Revolution. Nws yog nyob rau sab ntawm lub revolutionaries, tab sis tau tawm tsam rau kev ua phem tshwm sim. Frederick tau hnov qab tsis zoo rau txoj kev hloov pauv, suav nrog kev tua Louis XVI. Nws txoj kev xav txog cov xwm txheej nom tswv uas tshwm sim hauv lub tebchaws tau sib koom nrog cov kev xav ntawm Goethe. Qhov no tau pab txhawb rau lawv txoj kev phooj ywg. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias qhov kev tshwm sim no muaj hmoo tsis yog rau ob leeg xwb, tab sis kuj rau cov ntaub ntawv German.
Zaj dab neeg lig ntawm Friedrich Schiller tau sib cuam tshuam nrog cov ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Goethe. Lawv koom ua ke tsim Weimar Theatre. Schiller tseem nyob hauv lub nroog no mus txog thaum nws tuag. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua tsis tau hais tias nyob rau hauv 1802 tus kws sau ntawv tau txais cov xwm txheej ntawm ib tug nobleman, uas nws tau muab los ntawm Frans II. Friedrich nws tus kheej tsis quav ntsej txog qhov xwm txheej no.
Kev poob sau ntawv
Qhov no yog qhov kawg ntawm nws lub neej thiab keeb kwm. Friedrich Schiller, uas nws biography yog sau tseg saum toj no, siv lub xyoo kawg ntawm nws lub neej nyob rau hauv kev txom nyem los ntawm cov kab mob laus. Tus kws sau ntawv tuag rau lub Tsib Hlis 9, 1805. Nws raug faus rau ntawm lub toj ntxas, tiam sis niaj hnub no qhov chaw ntawm nws faus tsis paub.
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