Dante Gabriel Rossetti: biography thiab creativity

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Dante Gabriel Rossetti yog tus kws sau paj huam Askiv, tus neeg pleev kob thiab tus kws kos duab uas tau los ua ib tus tsim ntawm Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. Nyob rau hauv nws tej hauj lwm - paintings, paj huam thiab sonnets - nws tau lees tias lub purity ntawm kos duab, tsis muaj kev kawm, hu nkauj lub romance ntawm thaum ntxov Renaissance. Ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus nyiam ntawm Pre-Raphaelites yog kev hlub tsis zoo siab. Thiab tag nrho lub neej ntawm Rossetti, ib txoj kev los yog lwm qhov, revolved nyob ib ncig ntawm nws. Cov poj niam tau tshoov siab nws, los ua tus heroines ntawm nws cov duab. Txawm li cas los xij, tus kws kos duab kev sib raug zoo nrog nws tus hlub tsis tuaj yeem hu ua yooj yim, raws li qhov tseeb, nws lub neej tag nrho.

Ntxhais hmoob

Dante Gabriel Rossetti yug rau lub Tsib Hlis 12, 1828. Nws txiv, Gabriele Rossetti, yog neeg Italian uas tau tsiv mus rau Askiv vim yog nom tswv. Nws tau qhia yam lus thiab ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv Royal College. Leej txiv instilled nyob rau hauv nws tus tub txoj kev hlub rau Italian art, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau tej hauj lwm ntawm Dante Alighieri, uas tau tshwm sim tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv tus me nyuam lub npe, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv kev txaus siab thiab kev ntshaw uas nws yuav nqa mus rau tag nrho nws lub neej.

Rossetti niam - Frances Mary Lavinia Polidori - tshwm simlos ntawm tsev neeg ntawm Gaetano Polidori, kws tshawb fawb thiab neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw los ntawm Ltalis. Txij li thaum yau, Dante Gabriel loj hlob nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw ntawm kev kos duab thiab tau imbued thaum ntxov nrog nws txiv txoj kev mob siab rau kev ua hauj lwm ntawm tus kws sau paj lug thiab theologian, tom qab uas nws tau txais nws lub npe. Nws cov viv ncaus thiab cov kwv tij kuj muaj peev xwm sau ntawv. Maria Francesca yog tus sau Dante's Shadow. Tus viv ncaus, Christina, tau los ua tus kws sau paj huam. Thiab tus tij laug William tau los ua tus tsim ntawm Pre-Raphaelite Society thiab tus neeg sau ntawv thuam.

Kev cob qhia

Dante Gabriel Rossetti, uas nws cov haujlwm tau pib luam tawm thaum nws muaj 15 xyoos, kawm hauv London's King's College txij thaum muaj hnub nyoog 9 xyoos. Thawj cov kauj ruam muaj tswv yim ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas sau tau ua hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 5 xyoos, Rossetti tsim ib qho yeeb yam, thaum muaj 13 xyoos - ib zaj dab neeg. Kev kawm txuj ci ntawm tus tub yog fragmentary. Nws pib nrog lub tsev kawm ntawv kos duab, qhov twg Rossetti nkag mus thaum muaj hnub nyoog 16 xyoo thiab qhov chaw nws kawm nyob rau hauv kev coj ntawm DS Kotmen. Tom qab ntawd, txij xyoo 1841, muaj Henry Sass Academy of Painting. Tsib xyoos tom qab ntawd, nws tau los ua ib tug tub kawm ntawm chav kawm ntawm kev kos duab thaum ub, uas ua haujlwm ntawm Royal Academy.

Tom qab ntawd, rau qee lub sijhawm, Dante tus kws qhia ntawv yog Madox Brown, tus kws kos duab romantic, tsis muaj kev mob siab rau cov ntaub ntawv tsawg dua Rossetti. Xyoo 1848, nws tau ntsib Holman Hunt, uas yuav pab nws ua nws cov txheej txheem pleev xim roj thaum tsim thawj Pre-Raphaelite paintings.

Kev Sib Koom Tes

Lub koom haum zais cia, uas tau ua rau muaj kev taw qhia tshiab hauv paj huam thiab pleev xim, tau tsim nyob rau hauv 50s ntawm XIX caug xyoo. Rossetti thaum ntawd muaj 18 xyoo. Tab sis ua tsaug rau temperament thiab kev pom zoo ntawm kev kos duab,nws muaj peev xwm los ua tus thawj coj ntawm Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. Ua ke nrog Holman Hunt thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas John Everett Millais, lawv los txog rau qhov xaus tias kev kawm txuj ci uas tau ua tiav cov duab ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd yog tag nrho ntawm cov rooj sib tham thiab qhov muag tsis pom kev. Nws stifles kos duab, tsis kam yuav luag txhua yam tshiab. Raws li cov tswv cuab ntawm kev sib raug zoo, tsuas yog rov qab mus rau cov kab lis kev cai ntawm Italian kos duab ntawm Early Renaissance tuaj yeem rov kho cov duab lus Askiv.

Rov qab mus rau qhov yooj yim thiab purity

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau Pre-Raphaelites yog kev sau cov kws ua yeeb yam zoo uas ua haujlwm ua ntej Raphael: Perugino, Fra Angelico, Giovanni Bellini. Cov British qhuas qhov yooj yim thiab lub siab dawb paug ntawm paintings ntawm Italian masters ntawm lub Early Renaissance. Kev coj dawb huv thiab qhov tseeb, kev hwm rau yav dhau los thiab kev nyiam romantic, kev tsis lees paub txog tam sim no thiab kev ua siab phem rau kev kawm tau ua ke hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm Pre-Raphaelites nrog kev nyeem siab tawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus tsim, thiab kev tsim kho tshiab hauv cov txheej txheem pleev xim. Lawv tau coj los ntawm cov tswv ntawm lub sijhawm dhau los, tab sis lawv lawv tus kheej tau ua rau muaj kev sib txawv uas tom qab ntawd coj mus rau kev txhim kho ntawm kev niaj hnub thiab ua rau muaj kev xav. Lub manifesto ntawm Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv Rostok magazine, luam tawm txij lub Ib Hlis Ntuj txog Lub Plaub Hlis 1850 los ntawm cov tswv cuab ntawm zej zog.

Nkauj tawm tshiab rau ib tsoom phooj ywg

Cov ntawv P. R. B., lub ntsiab lus Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, thawj zaug tshwm sim hauv Rossetti Cov Hluas ntawm Virgin Mary (1848-1849). Cov qauv rau lub canvas yog tus kws kos duab niam thiab tus muam. Thiab qhov no yog ib qho ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm Pre-Raphaelites thiab kev kawm txuj ci: cov tswv cuab ntawm cov kwv tij, nyob rau hauv lawv txoj kev nrhiav naturalness, txhob txwm tshaj tawm.tsis kam lees cov kev pabcuam ntawm cov qauv kev tshaj lij, nyiam cov phooj ywg thiab cov txheeb ze.

Hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm Pre-Raphaelites, lawv feem ntau tig mus rau hauv phau Vajlugkub. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv qhov kev nyeem ntawv txawv txawv ntawm cov duab tsim hauv kos duab. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov duab uas Dante Gabriel Rossetti pleev xim rau, Annunciation. Nyob rau hauv kev kawm painting, lub Virgin Mary yeej ib txwm tau piav raws li ib tug unearthly ua, reverently txais Vajtswv lub txiaj ntsim thiab lub luag hauj lwm cuam tshuam nrog nws. Nyob rau hauv Rossetti lub painting, peb pom tus ntxhais zoo tib yam, ntshai ntawm ib tug tim tswv thiab cov xov xwm nws coj. Qhov kev txhais lus no tau ntsib cov Pre-Raphaelites 'kev ntshaw rau qhov tseeb thiab, ib txwm, ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov.

Rossetti yog tus kws kos duab

Cov haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Dante Gabriel Rossetti tsim nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawm 1850 txog 1860. Nws cov style yog pom tau zoo: superficially zoo li tus phab ej, uas nws lub ntsej muag muaj kev cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm sab hauv, ib qho kev sib xyaw nrog ntau tus lej loj nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej thiab kev kawm tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm keeb kwm yav dhau. Nws paintings yog tag nrho ntawm cov cim, yug los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov ntsiab lus tiag tiag thiab cov duab zoo heev. Rossetti tsis siv lub suab tsaus, txo qis chiaroscuro - nws cov canvases zoo li ci ntsa iab, xim huv si thiab ci. Tus kws ua yeeb yam tau siv cov kab hauv nws cov haujlwm, muab kev nthuav tawm lossis kev sib tw rau cov duab nrog kev pab ntawm qhov pom tseeb lossis tshee hnyo.

Art critics txhais Rossetti cov duab ua ob qho tib si zoo nkauj thiab monumental. Yam khoom kawgzoo tshaj plaws qhia nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev ua hauj lwm ntawm painting ntawm cov phab ntsa nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm cov tsev ntawm Oxford University. Cov ntsiab lus xaiv - illustrations for the novel "The Death of King Arthur" by Thomas Malory.

Rossetti yog tus kws sau paj huam

Dante Gabriel Rossetti, uas nws cov paj huam feem ntau yog qhov tseem ceeb nrog cov haujlwm ntawm Shakespeare, feem ntau siv tib lub phiaj xwm rau sonnets thiab canvases. Painting thiab paj huam yog inseparable nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm. Nws kos cov ntsiab lus rau paintings nyob rau hauv nqe thiab sau paj huam thiab sonnets nrog tshwj xeeb descriptiveness. Rossetti tau soj ntsuam cov tswv yim ntawm Pre-Raphaelites hauv nws cov lus paj huam. Nws yuav luag tsis tau hais txog cov teeb meem tshuaj pleev ib ce, sau nws cov paj huam nrog lub ntsej muag medieval. Lub sonnets thiab paj huam ntawm Dante Gabriel yog tag nrho ntawm cov cim thiab txawv los ntawm kev nthuav dav, zoo li nws cov canvases. Nws siv cov lus qub qub, txhob txwm hloov kho qhov kev ntxhov siab hauv cov lus, tso cov lus paub hauv cov ntsiab lus uas tsis tau xav txog thiab yog li ua tiav qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb.

Lub ntsiab lus paj huam tsim los ntawm Dante Gabriel Rossetti yog "Lub Tsev ntawm Lub Neej". Qhov no yog ib phau ntawm 101 sonnets. Txhua tus ntawm lawv piav txog qee lub sijhawm ntawm tus kws sau paj huam lub neej: ib teev lossis ib lub sijhawm luv luv, ib daim duab uas nws pom lossis pleev xim. Feem ntau Rossetti tig mus rau ballads. Nws txawj siv cov phiaj xwm qub thiab cov tswv yim, ua ke nrog cov tswv yim niaj hnub thiab tsim cov haujlwm ntawm kev nthuav qhia zoo.

Muses

Rossetti ntsib nws tus poj niam yav tom ntej hauv xyoo 1850. Elizabeth Siddole embodiedkev zoo nkauj zoo tagnrho ntawm Pre-Raphaelites thiab posed rau ntau tus kws ua yeeb yam ntawm cov kwv tij. Ib qho ntawm feem impressive paintings uas immortalized nws daim duab belongs rau Rossetti. "Beatrice tau koob hmoov" qhia txog Dante Alighieri tus hlub nyob rau hauv lub xeev tsaug zog thaum lub sij hawm thaum ib tug noog, cim kev tuag uas yuav tshwm sim, muab paj paj rau hauv nws xib teg. Elizabeth, mob tuberculosis, tuag ob xyoos tom qab lub tshoob, nyob rau hauv 1862, los ntawm ib tug overdose ntawm opium (raws li ib tug version, nws yog tua tus kheej). Tus poj ntsuam inconsolable muab nws "Lub tsev ntawm lub neej" nyob rau hauv lub hleb ntawm nws tus hlub. Txawm li cas los xij, ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd, Rossetti tau pom zoo rau exhumation ntawm lub cev thiab cov ntawv xov xwm tom ntej ntawm paj huam.

Lwm muse ntawm tus kws kos duab yog Fanny Cornforth, piav qhia los ntawm nws hauv cov duab "Lady Lilith" (Lady Lilith). Dante Gabriel Rossetti tau ntsib ib tug ntxhais zoo nkauj tab sis tsis tau kawm nyob rau xyoo 1858, thiab lawv txoj kev sib raug zoo yuav luag tag ib sim neej, txawm tias tus kws kos duab sib yuav thiab nws txoj kev sib raug zoo nrog Jane Morris. Fanny feem ntau ua rau Rossetti. Nws yog yooj yim pom nyob rau hauv paintings "Tom qab hnia", "Lucretia Borgia" thiab lub npe hu ua "Lady Lilith". Dante Gabriel Rossetti tau tawg nrog Fanny xyoo 1877, thaum tus kws kos duab lub cev thiab lub hlwb tsis muaj zog.

xyoo tshiab

Tom qab Elizabeth tuag, Rossetti tau los ua neeg tsis lees paub. Lub sijhawm no, nrog rau Fanny, Jane Morris, tus poj niam ntawm nws tus phooj ywg William, yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau nws. Nws cov duab tshwm nyob rau hauv paintings "Proserpina", "Marian", "Veronica Veronese" thiab ntau lwm tus neeg. Kev noj qab haus huvtus kws kos duab pib qaug zog. Nws tsis kam koom nrog hauv kev nthuav qhia, nws txoj kev vam khom ntawm chloral hydrate nce. Jane nyob nrog Rossetti tau ntev nrog kev pom zoo ntawm nws tus txiv, uas tau tawm mus rau Iceland xyoo 1871. Txawm li cas los xij, pom tias muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau ntxiv ntawm nws tus hlub lub siab lub ntsws thiab nws txoj kev quav yeeb tshuaj, nws tsiv mus deb ntawm Rossetti, thiab lawv txoj kev sib raug zoo raug txo kom sib sau ua ke.

Dante Gabriel Rossetti tuag rau lub Plaub Hlis 9, 1882. Thiab ob lub hlis tom qab, ib qho kev nthuav qhia ntawm tag nrho nws tej hauj lwm tau tuav, uas yog ib qho kev vam meej nyob rau hauv teb chaws Askiv. Dante Gabriel Rossetti, uas nws biography yog tag nrho ntawm kaj thiab tragic xwm txheej, tshuav ib tug impressive kos duab. Nws tej hauj lwm tau xyaum, masters ntawm lig 19th thiab ntxov 20th centuries kawm txog lawv. Niaj hnub no hauv kev kos duab muaj lo lus "rossetism", uas sib sau ua ke cov tswv uas ua haujlwm zoo li Pre-Raphaelite.