Samed Vurgun: biography thiab creativity

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Peb tus phab ej niaj hnub no yog Samed Vurgun. Nws biography yuav tham nyob rau hauv kom meej tom qab. Peb tab tom tham txog Azerbaijani Soviet kws sau paj huam, playwright thiab pej xeem daim duab. Nws yog thawj tus tau txais lub npe ntawm Tib Neeg hauv nws lub tebchaws. Nws kuj yog tus kws tshaj lij ntawm Academy of Sciences ntawm Azerbaijan SSR. Nws tau los ua ib tug neeg ua haujlwm ntawm ob qhov khoom plig Stalin ntawm qib thib ob. Nws yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm CPSU (b).

Biography

Soviet kws sau paj lug Samed Vurgun yug hauv 1906 hauv Kazakh koog tsev kawm ntawv, lub zos ntawm Yukhara Salakhly. Thaum peb hero muaj 6 xyoo, nws niam tuag. Tus tub tseem nyob hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm nws pog Aisha Khanum thiab nws txiv. Tom qab yav tom ntej kws sau paj lug kawm tiav los ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv zemstvo nyob rau hauv 1918, tsev neeg tsiv mus rau Kazakh. Nyob ntawd, peb tus phab ej, ua ke nrog Mehtikhan Vekilov - nws tus tij laug - nkag mus rau Kazakh Xib Fwb Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab. Tom qab ib pliag, txiv tuag lawm. Nws tshwm sim xyoo 1922. Ib xyoos tom qab ntawd, kuv pog tuag. Yog li, kev saib xyuas ntawm peb tus phab ej, nrog rau nws tus tij laug, dhau mus rau Khangyzy Vekilova, lawv tus kwv tij.

thawj zaj paj huam ntawm tus kws sau paj lug "Thov rau cov hluas" tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv cov ntawv xov xwm Tiflis nyob rau hauv lub npe "Yeni Fikir" nyob rau hauv 1925. Peb tus phab ej yog ib tug xibhwb qhia ntawv hauv ib lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob deb nroogKazakh. Rau ob xyoos nws kawm hauv Moscow University. Qhov no yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 1929 thiab 1930. Tom qab ntawd, peb tus phab ej txuas ntxiv nws txoj kev kawm thiab dhau los ua tub ntxhais kawm ntawm lub koom haum pedagogical. Tom qab ntawd nws tau mus kawm ib lub tsev kawm ntawv zoo sib xws hauv Azerbaijan. Nyob rau hauv 1945 nws tau raug xaiv los ua tus tswv cuab ntawm Academy of Sciences ntawm Azerbaijan SSR. Nws tau los ua tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm Supreme Soviet ntawm USSR los ntawm lub thib ob mus rau plaub convocation. Tus kws sau paj lug tuag nyob rau hauv 1956, lub Tsib Hlis 27. Peb tus phab ej raug faus rau hauv Baku.

Creativity

Samed Vurgun tau sau tseg tias nws txiav txim siab nthuav tawm cov paj huam ntawm qhov tseeb ib puag ncig los ua nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb. Thawj qhov kev tshaj tawm ntawm peb tus phab ej tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1925 ntawm nplooj ntawv xov xwm Tshiab Xav. Ib zaj paj huam hu ua "Appeal to the youth" yog sau nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog rau qhov kawg ntawm lub seminary. Thawj phau ntawv ntawm peb tus phab ej tau luam tawm xyoo 1930. Nws hu ua "Tus kws sau paj huam".

Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj tau ua lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus sau no. Thaum lub sij hawm no, tus kws sau paj lug tsim ntau tshaj rau caum zaj paj huam, nrog rau ob peb paj huam, ntawm lawv cov hauj lwm "Baku dastan". Thaum lub sij hawm no, lub yeeb koob ntawm peb hero raws li ib tug kws sau paj lug yog loj hlob. Cov ntawv sau, uas tau sau ua haujlwm "Rau Cov Neeg Koom Tes ntawm Ukraine" tau raug tso tawm ntawm lub dav hlau mus rau hauv cov hav zoov hauv zos los txhawb cov detachments. Xyoo 1943 hauv Asmeskas, ua ib feem ntawm kev sib tw rau zaj paj huam zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv kev ua tsov ua rog, tus kws sau paj huam ua haujlwm hu ua "Mother's Parting Words" tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo heev. Txoj haujlwm no, ntawm nees nkaum qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb paj huam, tau luam tawm hauv New York, thiab tom qab ntawd muab faib rau cov tub rog. Tsis ntev los noNtawm qhov pib ntawm peb tus phab ej, Lub Tsev Txawj Ntse muaj npe tom qab Fizuli tau tsim hauv Baku. Nws tuav cov xwm txheej ua tub rog thiab cov rooj sib tham nrog cov qub tub rog.

paj huam

Poet Samad Vurgun hauv xyoo 1928 tau pib ua haujlwm rau nws thawj txoj haujlwm hauv hom ntawv no. Nws hu ua "Komsomolskaya paj huam". Nyob rau hauv 1932, cov hauj lwm "The Event" tau luam tawm. Nyob rau hauv 1933, cov paj huam Muradkhan, Khumar, Lokbatan, nyob rau yav sawv ntxov sawv ntxov. Xyoo 1934, Lub Tsev Txiaj Ntsig ntawm Kev Tuag tau luam tawm. Nyob rau hauv 1935, cov paj huam "Ntxim nco", "Neeg-Six", "Galllows", "Lost Love" tau luam tawm. Nyob rau hauv 1936, peb hero sau cov hauj lwm "Riot". Xyoo 1937, Zaj Dab Neeg ntawm Collective Farm Poj Niam Basti tau luam tawm. Paj huam "Baku dastan" tau luam tawm xyoo 1944

Plays

Samed Vurgun hauv xyoo 1937 tau luam tawm txoj haujlwm "Vagif". Nws rov tsim dua txoj hmoo tragic ntawm Molla Panah Vagif. Nyob rau hauv 1939, ua si "Khanlar" tshwm sim. Nws yog nplooj siab rau lub neej ntawm ib tug revolutionary hu ua Khanlar Safaraliev. Nyob rau hauv 1941, cov hauj lwm "Farhad thiab Shirin" tau luam tawm - ib tug poetic ua yeeb yam raws li Nizami paj huam. Xyoo 1945, txoj haujlwm "Tus txiv neej" tau luam tawm.

Kev txhais lus

Samed Vurgun hauv xyoo 1936 tau txhais cov ntawv tshiab "Eugene Onegin" los ntawm A. S. Pushkin rau hauv Azerbaijani. Rau txoj haujlwm no nws tau txais khoom plig. Nws tau nthuav tawm los ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Pushkin. Xyoo 1936, nws tau txhais ib feem ntawm Shota Rustaveli's The Knight in the Panther's Skin. Rau cov hauj lwm no, tus kws sau paj lug tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm Honour ntawm Georgian SSR. Nyob rau hauv 1939, nws txhais paj huam "Leyli thiab Majnun" los ntawm Nizami Ganjavi tau luam tawm. Thiab peb herohloov qee yam ntawm Maxim Gorky. Txhais ntau yam haujlwm los ntawm Dzhambul, Ilya Chavchavadze thiab Taras Shevchenko.

Tsev neeg thiab keeb kwm

Samed Vurgun tau sib yuav rau Khaver khanum Mirzabekova. Nws muaj peb tug me nyuam. Thawj tus tub lub npe yog Yusif Samadoglu. Nws tau los ua neeg sau ntawv ntawm Azerbaijan. Tus tub thib ob yog V-g.webp

Nyob rau xyoo 1961, ib lub monument rau tus kws sau paj huam tau tsim tsa hauv Baku. Tus sculptor yog Fuad Abdurakhmanov. Xyoo 1975, Lub Tsev Tsev Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Samad Vurgun tau qhib hauv Baku. Nws tau los ua thawj lub cim nco txog rau ib tug neeg. Lub tsev tau tuav cov rooj sib tham ntawm cov neeg nto moo kab lis kev cai ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Nyob rau hauv 1976, Rauf Hajiyev, ib tug composer, tsim ib tug cantata mob siab rau peb hero. Nyob rau hauv 1976, ib daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm lub USSR tau npaj nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm nws. Nyob rau hauv 2006, lub centenary ntawm tus kws sau paj lug tau ua kev zoo siab. Daim ntawv tshaj tawm tshwj xeeb ntawm Azerbaijan tau tshaj tawm rau qhov kev tshwm sim no.

Ib lub tsev qiv ntawv hauv nroog Kyiv, Azerbaijan State Lavxias teb sab Drama Theatre, lub tsev kawm txuj ci hauv Bulgaria, lub tsev kawm ntawv hauv Dushanbe N257, txoj kev hauv Baku, Agjabedi thiab Moscow, ib lub zos hauv Azerbaijan muaj npe tom qab peb tus phab ej. Nyob rau hauv 1943, Samad Vurgun tau txais lub npe ntawm Neeg Poet ntawm Azerbaijan SSR. Nyob rau hauv 1943 nws tau los ua ib tug Honored Art Worker. Rau kev ua si hu ua "Vagif" nws tau txais Stalin nqi zog ntawm qib thib ob. Nws tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws rau kev ua haujlwm "Farhad thiab Shirin". Tam sim no koj paub tias Samed Vurgun yog leej twg. Cov duab ntawm tus kws sau paj huam tau txuas rau qhov nokhoom.