2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Txoj cai tseem ceeb rau kev tshwm sim ntawm cov qauv kev tsim vaj tsev tshiab yog qhov kev xav ntawm cov txheej txheem kev sib raug zoo. Yog lawm, lo lus yog kwv yees, tsis yog tshwj xeeb, tab sis Moscow Baroque style tau tshwm sim tawm tsam qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov xwm txheej ntawm lig 17th thiab ntxov 18th centuries. Nyob rau hauv Russia lub sij hawm ntawd, haiv neeg gravitated mus rau txhua yam kev vam meej. Tus ntsuj plig ntawm Petus txoj kev ua haujlwm kuj tau kov cov architecture. Tuam tsev, loj thiab me, tau tsa thoob plaws tebchaws Russia. Cov neeg tsim lub tsev teev ntuj thiab cov tsev teev ntuj feem ntau yog cov tub lag luam muaj nyiaj, txhua tus xav tso lub cim xeeb tseg.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov nom tswv tseem ceeb tau sim ua raws. Piv txwv li, cov tsev neeg thaum ub ntawm Naryshkins, niam cov txheeb ze ntawm Peter lub Great, kuj tau tsim cov tsev teev ntuj tom qab lub sij hawm ntev confrontation ntawm Naryshkins thiab lub Miloslavskys tas. Hauv qhov kev tawm tsam no rau kev cuam tshuam ntawm tsev hais plaub huab tais, tsev neeg Naryshkin yeej, txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb rau tsev neeg Miloslavsky. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ib qho laj thawj rau kev tsim kho lub tsev teev ntuj thiab cov tsev teev ntuj hauv txhua thaj av uas yog tsev neeg Naryshkin.
Ntau lub tuam tsevtau tsim nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm Western European lub ntsiab architectural kev txiav txim, tab sis tseem ceeb hniav ntxiv rau sab nrauv tsim, uas nteg lub hauv paus rau ib tug tshiab style, hu ua "Naryshkin baroque" los yog "Moscow baroque". Qhov piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov qauv no yog Lub Koom Txoos Intercession hauv Fili. Nws tsis zoo li lub tuam tsev ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim kho yog tier: ib lub octagon ntawm ib lub quadrangle nrog lub vaulted qab nthab rau yim lub tais.
Saum toj no yog lub tswb pej thuam nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm octagonal nruas. Lub belfry yog crowned nrog ib tug faceted dome - gilded, nrog ib tug ntoo khaub lig. Cov theem qis, lub quadrangle, yog surrounded ntawm tag nrho cov sab los ntawm plaub semicircular apses. Txhua tus yog crowned nrog ib tug gilded dome. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ncig ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj muaj ib tug gallery-promenade. Lub tuam tsev no ib leeg tsim nyog ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm cov style, cov kws tsim vaj tsev siv cov kev daws teeb meem txawv txawv. Lub Naryshkin baroque nyob rau hauv Moscow kuj yog sawv cev los ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm St. John lub Martial ntawm Yakimanka thiab lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Sawv Rov Los nyob rau hauv Kadashi.
Tsis zoo li lwm cov qauv kev tsim vaj tsev, Baroque style, vim muaj kev nplua nuj ntawm sab nrauv tsim, nyiam mloog, lossis zoo dua, nyiam. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tshem koj ob lub qhov muag, koj xav tshuaj xyuas txhua kab, kom nkag siab txog kev ua si ntawm lub teeb thiab duab ntxoov ntxoo hauv qhov tob tob ntawm lub décor. Lub Moscow baroque tsis muaj ib daim ntawv me me architectural repetitive. Thiab txawm hais tias qee qhov cim qhia ntawm Renaissance qee zaum plam hauv kab rov tav kev faib ntawm pawg ntseeg lossisCathedral, tseem muaj qhov kev xav ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm lub tsev.
Moscow baroque muaj cov khoom tsis tshua muaj: nws kov yeej qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv ib co incomprehensible txoj kev, qhov muag pom kev ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj nthuav mus rau infinity. Yuav muaj ntau lub tsev nyob ib ncig ntawm nws, peb saib lawv, tab sis peb pom tsis muaj dab tsi tab sis lub tsev teev ntuj Naryshkin nws tus kheej. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog impressive yog lub Koom Txoos ntawm Deposition ntawm lub Robe ntawm lub Don. Tej yam yooj yim architectural cov ntaub ntawv - ib tug quadrangle nrog tsib domes ze cog, ib tug loj refectory thiab, thaum kawg, ib tug tswb pej thuam ua ib feem ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj. Lub architecture tsis muaj frills, txawm tias me me rau Baroque style, tab sis lub tsev teev ntuj ua pa dawb huv, thiab qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm Moscow Baroque.
Pom zoo:
Baroque style hauv kev pleev xim, nws qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb
Baroque style hauv tha xim yog cov qauv ntawm Caravaggio, Rubens thiab Rembrandt, cov no yog cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov xim, xav tsis thoob nrog ci ntsa iab thiab kev ua si ntawm lub teeb, nplua nuj ntawm scenery thiab xav tsis thoob nrog lawv txoj kev xav
Peter's Baroque. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Baroque style
"Peter's Baroque" yog ib lo lus uas cov kws sau keeb kwm kos duab siv rau cov qauv tsim vaj tsev pom zoo los ntawm Peter lub Great. Nws tau dav siv rau kev tsim vaj tse nyob rau hauv lub peev - St. Petersburg
Cov ntawv nyeem Baroque - yog dab tsi? Stylistic nta ntawm baroque ntaub ntawv. Baroque ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv Russia: piv txwv, sau ntawv
Baroque yog ib qho kev ua yeeb yam uas tau tsim nyob rau xyoo pua 17th. Txhais los ntawm Italian, lub sij hawm txhais tau tias "bizarre", "strange". Qhov kev taw qhia no tau kov ntau hom kev kos duab thiab, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, architecture. Thiab dab tsi yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv baroque?
Kev piav qhia ntawm Baroque style. Sculpture "Apollo thiab Daphne", "Lub Rape ntawm Proserpina" (Bernini)
Pomp thiab grandeur, illusion thiab kev muaj tiag, txhob txwm tshaj tawm kev zoo siab thiab qee qhov tsis zoo - qhov no yog txhua yam Baroque style. Sculpture yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm nws, uas qhia txog kev nthuav tawm ntawm tib neeg cov duab hauv kev tsis sib haum xeeb
Geometry hauv painting: qhov zoo nkauj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntshiab, keeb kwm ntawm keeb kwm ntawm style, artists, lub npe ntawm tej hauj lwm, kev loj hlob thiab foundations
Geometry thiab painting tau ua ib sab rau ntau tshaj ib puas xyoo. Nyob rau hauv txawv eras ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kos duab, geometry coj txawv guises, tej zaum tshwm sim raws li spatial projections, tej zaum kuj yog ib tug kos duab khoom ntawm nws tus kheej. Nws yog qhov zoo kawg nkaus li kev kos duab thiab kev tshawb fawb tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ib leeg, txhawb kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm ob qho tib si
