Lavxias teb sab kws sau paj lug Ivan Kozlov: biography, kev sau ntawv
Lavxias teb sab kws sau paj lug Ivan Kozlov: biography, kev sau ntawv

Video: Lavxias teb sab kws sau paj lug Ivan Kozlov: biography, kev sau ntawv

Video: Lavxias teb sab kws sau paj lug Ivan Kozlov: biography, kev sau ntawv
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Ivan Kozlov yog ib tug kws sau paj huam Lavxias uas ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm ntawm romanticism. Ivan tsis tau txais ntau lub koob meej raws li nws tus phooj ywg Vasily Zhukovsky, tab sis Kozlov cov hauj lwm kuj muaj nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv. Ivan Kozlov tsis txaus siab rau nws lub neej, tab sis nws tau tso ib qho cim nco txog ntawm cov ntawv nyeem. Niaj hnub no nws tau qhuas thiab nco ntsoov tias yog tus kws sau paj huam tshaj plaws ntawm lub hnub nyoog kub ntawm Lavxias teb sab classical ntaub ntawv.

Biography ntawm Ivan Kozlov

Tus kws sau paj lug yug rau lub Plaub Hlis 22, 1779 hauv Moscow.

Ivan Kozlov
Ivan Kozlov

Los ntawm keeb kwm, Ivan Kozlov yog ib tug neeg muaj koob meej, nws cov hauv paus hniav rov qab mus rau yav dhau los tob.

Leej txiv ntawm tus kws sau paj huam yav tom ntej yog ib tug neeg ua haujlwm siab, thiab nws niam yog tus phauj ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm Cossack. Tsis tas li ntawd, Ivan Kozlov niam muaj peev xwm ntawm lub hlwb zoo thiab muaj ntau yam kev paub. Qhov no tso cai rau nws muab kev kawm zoo rau nws tus tub.

Tsev tsev neeg muaj hmoo heev uas yuav muab tau rau Ivan yav tom ntej. Nws yog qhov no uas cawm tus kws sau paj lug,tus neeg mob tuag tes tuag taw, uas coj mus deb ntawm Ivan Ivanovich tsis tsuas yog muaj peev xwm taug kev, tab sis kuj muaj peev xwm ua hauj lwm. Txawm li cas los xij, tsev neeg muaj hmoo txaus rau ob peb xyoos xwb, txawm hais tias tus kws sau paj huam nws tus kheej yog lub luag haujlwm rau nyiaj, "tsis squandering" nws tsis tsim nyog.

Poet's tub rog pab

Thaum me nyuam yaus, tus kws sau paj huam thiab txhais lus Lavxias twb tau sau npe ua tub rog thiab tau txais qib tub rog. Lub sijhawm ntawd, Kozlov tsuas yog rau xyoo. Twb tau thaum muaj hnub nyoog kaum rau, Ivan tau txais qib ntawm ensign. Kozlov tau ua haujlwm hauv Life Guards tau peb xyoos, tom qab ntawd nws tau tawm haujlwm thiab pib ua haujlwm rau pej xeem ua tus tuav ntaub ntawv hauv xeev.

Tom qab yuav luag kaum tsib xyoos, Ivan Kozlov raug xa mus rau cov kws ntsuam xyuas qib siab, nws raug xa mus rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm Tus Kws Lij Choj General Pyotr Lopukhin.

rau Svetlana
rau Svetlana

Nyob rau xyoo 1799, Ivan pib nws qhov kev pabcuam hauv kev hu xovtooj. Nws yog nyob ntawd tus kws sau paj lug muaj lub cib fim mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm lub xeev commander-in-chief Tutolmin. Rau nws cov kev pab cuam, Kozlov tau txais qib ntawm lub tsev hais plaub adviser. Qhov qeb duas tom qab no tau ua lub sijhawm zoo rau tus kws sau paj huam kom nce qib ntxiv mus.

Lub neej ntiag tug

Xyoo 1809, tus kws sau paj lug thiab tus txhais lus Kozlov txuas nws lub neej nrog ib tug ntxhais zoo nkauj - Sofya Davydova. Tsis ntev ces ob niam txiv hluas muaj ob tug me nyuam. Tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi paub txog yuav ua li cas lub neej ntawm tus tub thiab tus ntxhais ntawm ib tug kws sau paj lug nto moo ntawm lub hnub nyoog golden ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej.

Tsov rog xyoo

Lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1812, Kozlov tau tuav txoj haujlwm zoo hauv pawg thawj coj uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau tag nrho cov tub rog.lub zog ntawm lub xeev Moscow. Ua ke nrog lwm cov neeg ua haujlwm paub zoo ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, Ivan mus rau hauv kev tshem tawm tsuas yog peb hnub ua ntej Napoleon Bonaparte tau tawm tsam Moscow. Ua ke nrog nws tsev neeg, tus kws sau paj lug tawm hauv lub nroog mus rau ib lub zos me me mus xyuas cov txheeb ze ntawm nws niam.

Ivan Kozlov kws sau paj lug
Ivan Kozlov kws sau paj lug

Kev Tsov Rog Kawg

Tom qab Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws yeej, tus kws sau paj lug txiav txim siab tsis rov qab mus rau Moscow, uas tau hlawv rau hauv av. Xwb, Ivan, tom qab tham nrog nws tus poj niam, txiav txim siab mus sim nyob rau hauv St. Nyob ntawd nws kuj pib ua hauj lwm hauv tsoom fwv cov koom haum.

mob hnyav ntawm tus kws sau paj huam

Xyoo 1818, Ivan Kozlov tsis tuaj yeem taug kev: tuag tes tuag taw, uas kho tsis tau, ua rau tuag tes tuag taw. Ib xyoo tom qab ntawd, tus kws sau paj lug pib poob nws qhov muag, thiab nyob rau xyoo 1821 nws tau dig muag tag. Nws yog nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm no uas Ivan Ivanovich pib koom nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv ua si. Nws pib nyiam paj huam. Tsis tas li ntawd, Kozlov txhais los ntawm Italian, German, Fabkis thiab Askiv.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau hais tias Ivan paub Italian thiab Fabkis txij thaum yau, tab sis nws kawm lus Askiv thiab German thaum nws mob nws tus kheej. Hais txog tus kws sau paj huam, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias tus sau phau ntawv archive muaj ob peb tej hauj lwm uas yog Ameslikas sau nyob rau hauv Fabkis, vim hais tias cov lus no yog, ib tug tej zaum yuav hais, haiv neeg ntawm Ivan.

Kev sau ntawv ntawm Ivan Kozlov

Kev sau ntawv, ua tus kws sau paj huam, Kozlov pib koom nrog tsis yog vim nws muajtxuj ci, tab sis kuj yog vim muaj kev nyuaj nyiaj txiag - thaum lub sij hawm lub xyoo ntawm nws tus mob, Ivan Ivanovich poob nws lub peev xwm mus ua hauj lwm, thiab tag nrho cov nyiaj tau siv rau tsev neeg cov khoom tsim nyog rau lub neej. Tau ntsib Vasily Zhukovsky, uas tau pib muab kev txhawb nqa tas mus li rau tus neeg mob, Ivan Kozlov pib sau nws cov lus dab neeg.

Ivan Kozlov paj huam
Ivan Kozlov paj huam

Txoj hauj lwm ntawm Zhukovsky undoubtedly muaj ib tug muaj zog lub luag hauj lwm ntawm Kozlov. Tab sis hu Ivan ib daim qauv ntawm Vasily yog tsis yooj yim sua. Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws sau paj huam txawj ntse. Yog hais tias Zhukovsky los ua ib tug neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb ntawm romanticism, Kozlov los ua tus nrhiav tau ntawm xws li ib tug qauv li "kev hlub tiag tiag". Nws tej hauj lwm tau txawv los ntawm txoj kev uas tus neeg sau ntseeg tau piav qhia cov kev paub sab hauv ntawm nws cov cim lyrical.

Xyoo 1821, Ivan Kozlov cov paj huam tau tshwm sim thawj zaug hauv kev luam tawm. Tus kws sau paj huam ua haujlwm "To Svetlana" tau mob siab rau Ivan tus hluas nkauj, uas, txawm tias nws muaj mob, tseem nyob ze thiab muab txhua yam kev txhawb nqa.

Hais txog zaj paj huam no, kuv xav hais txog yuav ua li cas Ivan tau tswj xyuas txhua yam kev sib nyiam thiab kev sib raug zoo uas tau kav hauv nws tus ntsuj plig. Cov hauj lwm no muaj kev sib piv, kev ua neeg, uas yuav pab ua kom cov duab zoo nkauj ntawm tus ntxhais uas tus kws sau paj huam sau txog.

Saib qhov kev hlub uas tus sau tau coj mus rau cov kab mob siab rau nws tus hluas nkauj, tej zaum koj yuav xav tias Svetlana yog nws tus hlub. Txawm li cas los xij, peb paub tias Ivan tau zoo siab nrog Sophia. Svetlana yog ib tug ntxhais xeeb ntxwv ntawm Vasily Zhukovsky, tam sim noTus ntxhais lub npe yog Alexandra. Tau koom nrog kev sau ntawv thiab sau xov xwm, tus hluas nkauj tau sau npe.

Ib me ntsis tom qab, ib zaj paj huam "Rau Zhukovsky" tau luam tawm, uas lawv tau ua haujlwm tib lub sijhawm. Paj huam "Byron" tau luam tawm ib txhij nrog cov lus rau Pushkin tus kws qhia ntawv yav tom ntej. Twb tom qab thawj zaj paj huam, koob meej los rau tus kws sau paj huam.

kws sau paj lug thiab txhais lus
kws sau paj lug thiab txhais lus

In 1824 Ivan's paj huam "The Chernets" tau luam tawm. Cov neeg nyeem nyiam cov hauj lwm no heev uas Kozlov tam sim ntawd koom nrog cov qeb ntawm cov nto moo tshaj plaws thiab dav nyeem cov kws sau paj huam ntawm lub xyoo pua puas xyoo.

Kev txhais lus ua haujlwm

Hais txog tus kws sau paj huam ua haujlwm ua tus txhais lus, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau hais tias nws tau txhais cov haujlwm ntawm cov kws sau ntawv nto moo xws li George Byron, W alter Scott, Dante Alighieri, Thomas Moore, Charles Wolf thiab ntau lwm tus.

Nws txhais lus ntawm Moore's "Evening Tswb" tau dhau los ua cov nkauj Lavxias teb sab classic. Lwm qhov kev txhais lus zoo, uas tau ua los ntawm Kozlov, yog kev ua haujlwm ntawm Hma "Lub nruas tsis raug ntaus hauv qab lub vague regiment …".

Nco tus kws sau paj huam

mob hnyav ua rau tus kws sau paj huam. Tab sis txawm lub fact tias Ivan nws tus kheej yog xyaum tsis txav mus los, nws tau saib xyuas nws tus kheej raws li nws ua tau. Tsis muaj sloppiness uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob hnyav. Kozlov tau txawv los ntawm nws cov lus zoo thiab hais lus. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws sau paj lug tsis tau so rau nws lub hlwb: nws tsis nco qab cov paj huam los ntawm European cov kws sau paj huam, thiab los ntawm kev nco txog Ivan tuaj yeem hais ua ntau hom lus.

Ivan Kozlov biography
Ivan Kozlov biography

Saib ib yamYuav ua li cas tus kws sau paj lug coj tus cwj pwm ntawm cov phooj ywg thiab cov txheeb ze, tsis muaj leej twg xav tias Ivan tsis muaj kev txom nyem los ntawm kev mob hnyav thiab mob hnyav.

About Kozlov txoj haujlwm

Thawj zaj paj huam "Rau Svetlana", raws li tau hais los saum toj no, yog kev yeej rau Ivan Kozlov. Tom qab tshaj tawm cov hauj lwm no thiab nws lwm cov paj huam, xws li cov neeg nto moo thiab txawj ntse xws li Ivan Turgenev, Alexander Pushkin thiab txawm Vasily Zhukovsky nws tus kheej xav mus ntsib tus kws sau paj huam.

Hais lus ntawm tus kws sau paj huam

Kozlov zaj paj huam "Chernets" tau cuam tshuam zoo rau kev sau ntawv Mikhail Lermontov. Raws li Mikhail Yuryevich nws tus kheej tau hais, qhov no tuaj yeem pom los ntawm paj huam "Mtsyri". Nws yog nyob rau hauv no ua hauj lwm uas ib yam dab tsi tshiab tau xav txog, uas yog tsim nyob rau hauv tus ntawm cov hauj lwm "Blackie".

Ivan Kozlov cov kev ua ub no
Ivan Kozlov cov kev ua ub no

Txoj kev kws sau paj huam

Lavxias teb sab kws sau paj lug Ivan Kozlov tuag rau Lub Ob Hlis 11, 1840 thaum muaj hnub nyoog 60 xyoo. Ivan Ivanovich raug faus nyob rau hauv lub peev ntawm Russia - nyob rau hauv St.

Hnub no tus kws sau paj lug lub ntxa tuaj yeem pom ntawm Tikhvin tojntxas hauv Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Lwm tus kws sau ntawv zoo, Karamzin, raug faus tsis deb ntawm Kozlov.

Pom zoo: