2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
"Zoo, koj thiab Plyushkin!" - Peb hais rau cov neeg txom nyem uas khaws txhua yam khoom tsis tsim nyog tsuas yog txhawm rau txhawm rau khaws cia. Lossis: “Ntawm no yog ib tug nees luav,” hais txog tus neeg ruam thiab tawv ncauj. Thaum peb pom ib tug nquab ya nyob rau hauv daim duab, peb to taub hais tias peb tab tom tham txog purity thiab siab tus ntsuj plig, Judas - hais txog kev ntxeev siab, ib tug poj niam uas muaj qhov muag tsis pom kev thiab nplai ntawm nws txhais tes - txog kev ncaj ncees thiab kev ncaj ncees. Thiab peb tsis txawm xav txog qhov tseeb tias hauv kev hais lus thiab kev nco qab peb thov rau lub tswv yim xws li kev hais lus. Qhov no yog thaum ib yam dab tsi abstract thiab abstract yog kis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb duab, artistic los yog literary. Tom qab tag nrho, peb kawm los ntawm phau Vajlugkub hais tias Yudas ntxeev siab rau Tswv Yexus thiab mus ib txhis los ua ib tug duab ntawm kev dag ntxias thiab kev ntxeev siab, peb kawm los ntawm fairy tales hais tias hma liab yog ib tug cunning, ib tug luav yog cowardice, thiab hais txog.
Txhais los ntawm Greek allegoria (allegory) yog ib qho piv txwv. Peb tuaj yeem sau "Lub Tsev Muag Tshuaj", lossis peb tuaj yeem piav qhia lub tais nrog tus nab, thiab ob qho tib si txhua tus yuav nkag siab tias qhov twg yog tom qab lub qhov rooj no, tab sis thawj qhov kev daws teeb meem yog ncaj nraim, thiab qhov thib ob yog allegorical.
Thawj zaug lub tswv yim no tau muab rau hauv cov lus cog tseg ntawm Cicero thiab Pseudo-Longinus, mob siab rau kev kos duab ntawm tus neeg hais lus. Nyob rau hauv Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog, nws tau ntseeg tias allegory yog ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab lus uas txhua yam kev kos duab lossis kev sau ntawv yuav tsum muaj. Nws kuj yuav tsum muaj cov ntsiab lus tseeb, kev ncaj ncees thiab kev kawm.
Allegory hauv cov ntaub ntawv tau siv dav heev thiab tom qab ntau lub sijhawm. Piv txwv li, Gogol's tshiab "Tuag Souls" yog tag nrho ntawm allegorical cim: Plyushkin, Korobochka, Sobakevich, Nozdrev - txhua tus ntawm lawv yog cov piv txwv meej tshaj plaws ntawm qee yam ntawm tib neeg lwm tus lossis, hais tias, tus cwj pwm tsis ncaj ncees: stinginess, idleness, depravity., thiab lwm yam
Muaj tag nrho ib hom ntawv uas feem ntau yog raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov duab siv: dab neeg, dab neeg, zaj lus piv txwv. Tsa ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv qib tsib thaum hmo ntuj thiab nug: "Dab tsi yog Krylov zaj dab neeg" Tus Crow thiab Hma liab? Zoo, thaum sawv ntxov, tom qab txhuam nws ob lub qhov muag zoo, nws yuav qhia koj txog S altykov-Shchedrin nrog nws "Wise Minnow", thiab hais txog Gorky lub khw noog: tus ruam Penguin, lub siab tawv Falcon, Petrel, zoo li xob laim dub. Yog tias pom ib tug me nyuam yaus nyob ib puag ncig, lawv tuaj yeem raug nug: "Yuav dais?" - "Lub zog, clumsiness, innocence!" - "Hma?" - "Kev npau taws, kev nqhis dej, kev ruam!" - "Fox?" - "Cunning, dag, treachery!" - "Nyob zoo! Tuav khoom qab zib!"
Yog li txawm cov me nyuam yaus yeej paub zoo tias yog dab tsi. Qhov no yog nkag siab qhov tseeb los ntawm thawj phau ntawv, puppet show, qub tas luav.
Yuav ua li cas lwm hom kev kos duab, dua li cov ntaub ntawv, yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem xws li kev hais lus? Painting, tau kawg, duab puab, duab, lwm yam zoo nkauj kos duab, classical thiab niaj hnub.
Ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm no yog cov duab puab "Bronze Horseman" nyob rau hauv St. Ntawm lub crest ntawm nthwv dej, Tsar Peter sawv ntawm tus nees kub, nce tus nab nrog nws hoof. Lub nthwv dej yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau kov yeej thiaj li tsim tau ib lub nroog (swampy ntug dej ntawm tus dej Neva), ib tug nab yog obstacles thiab cov teeb meem uas tos tus hloov kho nyob rau hauv txhua txhua kauj ruam, ib tug nees yog Russia, zoo siab los ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab. thiab cov tswv yim ntawm nws tus kav.
Hauv kev pleev xim, ntau tus kws kos duab zoo tau tig mus rau cov duab zoo nkauj: Raphael, Botticelli, Titian, Rubens thiab ntau lwm tus.
Pom zoo:
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