Kev tshuaj xyuas luv luv: "Jubilee" (Mayakovsky). Cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus sau paj huam

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Qhov tseem ceeb heev rau tus cwj pwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab paj huam xyoo 1920 yog kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm Soviet cov ntaub ntawv thiab nws cov kev tshuaj xyuas. "Jubilee" (Mayakovsky - tus sau paj huam) yog heev nthuav nyob rau hauv no hwm, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv nws tus kws sau paj lug qhia nws txoj kev xav ntawm classical thiab niaj hnub ntaub ntawv. Thiab tseem nyob rau hauv lub cim, thawj daim ntawv tus yam ntxwv ntawm nws ib leeg, summed txog nws poetic biography nyob rau theem no.

Backstory

Yuav kom nkag siab qhov peculiarities ntawm tus kws sau paj huam, cia peb xav txog ib qho ntawm cov kws sau ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab tshuaj xyuas nws. "Jubilee" Mayakovsky sau nyob rau hauv 1924, tsuas yog nyob rau lub sij hawm thaum nws tau hloov kho nws cov kev xav ntawm classical ntaub ntawv. Lub creation ntawm cov hauj lwm no yuav tsum tau inextricably txuas nrog kev sau ntawv los ntawm nws kaum ob xyoos dhau los ntawm ib tug Futurist pamphlet, uas hu ua kom tsis nco qab qhov ua tiav ntawm classical ntaub ntawv, pov tseg tag nrho cov qub tub ceev xwm qub thiab pib tsim ib hom lus tshiab thiab paj huam.

Daim ntawv no, tsim los ntawm lub siab ntawm nws lub sijhawm, txawm li cas los xij muaj kev tawm tsam rau pej xeem, txij li feem ntau cov kws sau ntawv, txawm hais tias lawv tab tom nrhiav rau cov qauv tshiab ntawm kev qhia lawv txoj kev xav thiab kev xav, txawm tiastsom rau cov classics, los yog tsawg kawg tau kho lawv nrog kev hwm. V. Mayakovsky thiab nws cov neeg txhawb nqa tau saib nws txawv thiab ua los ntawm cov haujlwm tseem ceeb heev hauv qhov teeb meem ntawm kev hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv. Txawm li cas los xij, ib xyoo caum tom qab, tus sau rov xav txog nws tus cwj pwm rau cov ntaub ntawv qub, uas tau tshwm sim hauv nws txoj haujlwm tshiab.

About Pushkin

Los ntawm lub npe ntawm zaj paj huam, koj yuav tsum pib tshuaj xyuas thiab tshuaj xyuas. "Jubilee" (Mayakovsky yog li lub cim hu ua nws, vim hais tias lub 125th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm Pushkin yug los txog) pib nrog ib tug thov rau Alexander Sergeevich. Tus kws sau ntawv, hauv nws qhov kev paub paub, hais lus rau lub siab. Twb tau nyob rau hauv qhov kev thov no, Mayakovsky txoj kev khuv leej rau "lub hnub ntawm Lavxias teb sab paj huam" yog xav. Txawm hais tias lub suab zoo heev, tus sau ntawv txawm li cas los xij hais lus hwm Pushkin, paub txog nws qhov txiaj ntsig hauv kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv Lavxias feem ntau thiab paj huam tshwj xeeb. Nws muab nws tus kheej tso rau tib theem nrog nws thiab qhia kev khuv xim tias tus kws sau paj huam nyob rau lwm lub sijhawm. Hauv qhov kev sim ncaj qha los tso nws lub npe nyob ib sab ntawm Pushkin, ib tus tuaj yeem pom tus sau lub siab xav los ua cov lus nrog cov classics. V. Mayakovsky txawm thov txim rau Alexander Sergeevich rau nws cov ntaub ntawv, paub tseeb tias tam sim no tag nrho cov hluas nyiam nyiam nyob rau hauv yav dhau los rau nws.

About other poets

Dhau li ntawm Pushkin, tus kws sau paj huam ntsuas ob qho tib si cov neeg ua ntej thiab cov neeg kawm tiav. Yog li, nws qhuas Nekrasov rau "nws tus kheej txiv neej", txawm hais tias tom kawg kuj tau sau kev hlub thiab kev xav, uas Mayakovsky tawm tsam, xav txog nws.tsis tsim nyog thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev tawm tsam kev tshaj tawm. Txhawm rau ntsuas lub xeev ntawm thawj theem hauv kev loj hlob ntawm Soviet paj huam, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nco ntsoov cov haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab ua lawv cov ntawv nyeem. "Jubilee" (Mayakovsky nyob rau hauv no ua hauj lwm ntsuam xyuas lub xeev ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv) occupies ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub siab. Nyob rau hauv nws, tus kws sau paj lug kuj hais txog Yesenin txoj hauj lwm, uas nws hais lus hnyav heev. Nws paub tias lawv tau ideologically tawm tsam ib leeg: lub tswv yim ntawm cov neeg no txawv heev.

Meaning

Kev ua haujlwm hauv nqe lus nug yog qhov qhia tau zoo rau kev nkag siab txog kev hloov pauv ntawm tus kws sau paj huam. Mayakovsky, nyob rau hauv tag nrho, tseem muaj tseeb rau nws cov tswv yim lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: nws tsis kam mus nkag siab txog paj huam raws li lub zog tshaj txhais tau tias rau lub revolutionary kev tawm tsam thiab lub tswv yim transformation ntawm lub neej, tab sis nws rov xav txog nws tus cwj pwm ntawm nws predecessors, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau xws li ib tug tshwm sim. neeg li tus sau. Mayakovsky cov nqe lus "Jubilee" yog nthuav nyob rau hauv hais tias nyob rau hauv nws tus sau, txawm nyob rau hauv ib tug zais, veiled daim ntawv, paub ib co yuam kev ntawm cov hluas. Qhov no ntxeev siab rau tus kws kos duab zoo ntawm lo lus, uas nkag siab, paub txog nws qhov tsis raug thiab, hauv nws daim ntawv sarcastic ib txwm, lees txim rau lawv.

Ntxiv rau, kev ua haujlwm yog qhov nthuav rau nws cov ntsiab lus kev xav: nws tsa cov lus nug ntawm lub neej thiab kev tuag (piv txwv li, tus kws sau paj huam hais txog nyob mus ib txhis, uas yuav sib npaug thiab sib haum xeeb nrog Pushkin), hais txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm paj huam hauv pej xeem lub neej (ntawm no tus sau yog qhov ntse ntse hauv lawv cov kev ntsuam xyuas, tseemthuam cov nkauj thiab cov ntsiab lus romantic). Cov hauj lwm no yog sau nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam Mayakovsky tej hauj lwm. Nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug ntaiv, muaj cov kab luv luv, kev xav tau qhia nyob rau hauv ib tug concise thiab concise daim ntawv. Cov paj huam "Jubilee" (Mayakovsky) muaj ib tug accent meter, uas muab nws ntau dua sonority thiab firmness ntawm lub suab vim lub fact tias tsuas yog siv cov lus nyuaj siab raug txiav txim nyob rau hauv nws, thiab unstressed syllables yog siv nyob rau hauv random kev txiav txim. Nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv cov lus qhia thaum kawm nyob rau hauv lub Soviet lub sij hawm, cov kev kawm dav dav caw cov me nyuam los soj ntsuam cov paj huam "Jubilee". Mayakovsky yog ib tug kws sau paj huam, uas yog vim li cas nws txoj hauj lwm xav tau kev tsom xam thiab kev nkag siab.