Tus kws sau ntawv Lavxias thiab kws sau paj huam zoo heev
Tus kws sau ntawv Lavxias thiab kws sau paj huam zoo heev

Video: Tus kws sau ntawv Lavxias thiab kws sau paj huam zoo heev

Video: Tus kws sau ntawv Lavxias thiab kws sau paj huam zoo heev
Video: Txhob Nco Kuv Lawm Nkauj Hmoob🌹Puas Coos Khem🌹Xis Thoj🌹official MV 2023 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Raws li koj paub, cov ntaub ntawv Lavxias teb sab tau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau lub ntiaj teb. Txog rau tam sim no, cov haujlwm uas cov kws sau ntawv Lavxias thiab kws sau paj huam tau sau rau hauv lawv lub sijhawm tseem cuam tshuam. Tam sim no peb yuav sim xav txog cov yam ntxwv zoo tshaj plaws uas muaj nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab classical cov ntaub ntawv, nrog rau cov laj thawj uas cuam tshuam qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim tshwj xeeb.

Lub sijhawm tsim ntawm Lavxias teb sab cov ntaub ntawv

Raws li tau sau tseg los ntawm ntau tus kws sau keeb kwm thiab cov neeg sau ntawv thuam, lub sijhawm kawg ntawm kev tsim cov lus Lavxias yog suav tias yog lub xyoo pua 18-19, thaum Lavxias cov ntaub ntawv qub tau tsim los ua ib hom kev xav hauv ntiaj teb thiab zoo nkauj tshwm sim uas. qhia cov yam ntxwv ntawm thawj Lavxias teb sab saib ntawm lub ntiaj teb no.

Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv thiab kws sau paj lug
Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv thiab kws sau paj lug

Nws yog lub sijhawm no uas yuav tsum muaj kev sib raug zoo ua ntej rau kev tsim cov lus Lavxias Lavxias, uas, nws zoo li, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev paub dhau los hauv lub neej, tau tsim. Nws yog nyob rau lub sij hawm no uas cov neeg sau ntawv zoo Lavxias teb sab thiabpaj huam. Lawv tej hauj lwm imperishable tseem tab tom kawm tsis tau xwb, hais, nyob rau hauv Russia, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws.

Cov keeb kwm ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv Lavxias tsuas yog loj heev, tsis yog tsuas yog hais txog ntim, tab sis kuj hais txog kev coj noj coj ua. Saib, txawm tias Western xinesmas niaj hnub no rov xav txog ntau lub neej muaj txiaj ntsig thiab ua cov yeeb yaj kiab raws li cov haujlwm paub zoo ntawm Lavxias classics xws li Anna Karenina, Tsov Rog thiab Kev Thaj Yeeb, Kev Ua Phem thiab Kev rau txim, thiab lwm yam.

paj huam hais txog cov kws sau ntawv thiab kws sau paj huam ntawm Russia
paj huam hais txog cov kws sau ntawv thiab kws sau paj huam ntawm Russia

Thiab peb tsis tau hais txog pes tsawg tus cartoons tau tsim raws li Pushkin's fairy tales, uas feem ntau nqa tsis tau tsuas yog cov lus kos duab xwb, tab sis kuj muaj kev xav loj heev.

Nkauj ntseeg keeb kwm

Feem ntau, hais txog yuav ua li cas Lavxias teb sab cov ntaub ntawv qub tsim, nws tuaj yeem raug sau tseg tias nws tau txav deb ntawm Western callousness thiab tsim nyog tsim nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm no tau ua si los ntawm cov neeg Lavxias loj heev thiab cov hauv paus hniav Christian. Cov kws sau ntawv Lavxias thiab cov kws sau paj huam tau sim piav qhia hauv lawv cov haujlwm, yog li hais, qhov tseeb ntawm lub neej, lub neej ntawm tib neeg, kev xav thiab kev txawj ntse ntawm Lavxias tus ntsuj plig thiab cov kev paub dhau los hauv nws.

Ntau tus kws tshaj lij, piv txwv li, I. A. Ilyin, hu rau Orthodoxy yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm lo lus Lavxias. Ilyin muab nws nkag siab txog qhov tshwm sim no, ntseeg tias nws yog kev pom thiab kev txawj ntse, thiab "kev kos duab hauv tebchaws Russia tau yug los ua kev thov Vajtswv." Qhov no yog "kev txawj hu nkauj" uas cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm tag nrho cov ntawv nyeem hauv ntiaj teb.nkag siab.

Kev txhim kho thiab cuam tshuam ntawm Lavxias teb sab classics hauv ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv

Lavxias teb sab cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau thiab cov kws sau ntawv Lavxias thiab kws sau paj huam tshwj xeeb tau cuam tshuam loj rau ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv. Nws yog lub sijhawm ntawd txawv ntawm txhua yam uas tau muab los ntawm Western powers.

portraits ntawm Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv thiab paj huam
portraits ntawm Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv thiab paj huam

Lavxias teb sab classics txav deb ntawm ib qho ntawm ib sab ntawm Western sentimentalism, enlightenment lossis romanticism. Tau kawg, hauv kev ua haujlwm koj tuaj yeem pom qee cov tswv yim qiv los ntawm Western cov ntaub ntawv, tab sis lawv tau siv, yog li hais, ib feem tsuas yog rau kev nkag siab sab nraud, tsis cuam tshuam rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txhua qhov kev sau ntawv.

Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv thiab kws sau paj lug hais txog tsov rog
Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv thiab kws sau paj lug hais txog tsov rog

Ntxiv rau, ntau tus kws sau ntawv hauv lub sijhawm ntawd, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Lomonosov, Fonvizin lossis Derzhavin, ntau tus nyiam piv nrog Shakespeare, Rabelais lossis Lope de Vega, uas tau los ua tus thawj coj ntawm Western Renaissance.

Creative Techniques

Ntau zaus hauv kev tshawb fawb txog qhov tshwm sim xws li Lavxias cov ntawv sau keeb kwm, qhov tseeb tau hais tias qhov pib ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob yog txuam nrog lub sijhawm ntawm Peter I. Tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 19th, Pushkin, Lermontov, Gogol thiab. lawv cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig ntseeg tau coj cov lus Lavxias teb sab mus rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab thaum kawg daws qhov teeb meem ntawm lub teb chaws tus kheej lub siab.

tej hauj lwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv thiab paj huam
tej hauj lwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv thiab paj huam

Nws tsis muaj qhov zais cia tias Patriotic War ntawm 1812 kuj muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau kev loj hlob ntawm Lavxias teb sab classics. Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv thiab paj huam txogMuaj ntau tau sau txog kev ua tsov rog nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Leej twg tsis paub "Borodino" los ntawm M. Yu. Lermontov los yog "Hussar Ballads" los ntawm Denis Davydov, leej twg los ua ib zaj dab neeg thaum nws lub neej? Hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau tus ntawm lawv, qhov kev nyiam tseem ceeb yog muab rau cov tib neeg, txawm tias lawv tus kheej los ntawm cov nom tswv. Tib yam Pushkin tuaj yeem nrog Decembrists ntawm Senate Square.

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia nyias tias, txawm tias muaj qee qhov xwm txheej pom nyob rau hauv ntau cov classics, feem ntau tuaj yeem hla cov lus piav qhia meej meej. Yog lawm, tsawg kawg yog "Woe los ntawm Wit" los ntawm Griboedov, "Tus Kws Tshuaj Xyuas General" los ntawm Gogol lossis Krylov's zaj dab neeg.

Russian sau ntawv

Txoj haujlwm ntawm cov kws sau ntawv Lavxias thiab kws sau paj huam tsim nyog tau txais kev hwm. Qhov no tau lees paub los ntawm tag nrho lub ntiaj teb. Ntawm cov kws sau ntawv, nws nyuaj rau cais ib tus neeg uas nws cov kev pabcuam rau Fatherland hauv kev sau ntawv yuav zoo dua lwm tus.

cov kws sau ntawv thiab kws sau paj huam zoo heev hauv tebchaws Russia
cov kws sau ntawv thiab kws sau paj huam zoo heev hauv tebchaws Russia

Txawm li cas los xij, nws ntseeg tias Bolotov, Fonvizin, Karamzin, Zhukovsky, Griboedov, Gogol, S altykov-Shchedrin, Dostoevsky, Tolstoy, Herzen, Goncharov, Turgenev, Ostrovsky, Nekrasov thiab ntau lwm tus muaj lub zog loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev tsim. thiab kev loj hlob ntawm Lavxias teb sab prose. Lawv tej hauj lwm tau qhia tag nrho lub ntiaj teb no ntau npaum li cas cov lus Lavxias teb sab, muaj peev xwm qhia thiab piav qhia txog qhov ntxoov ntxoo me ntsis ntawm tus ntsuj plig.

Tus kws sau paj huam

Tau kawg, ntawm cov kws sau paj huam, Lomonosov thiab Derzhavin feem ntau suav hais tias yog cov neeg tsim cai lij choj, uas tau tsim ib lub choj rau Pushkin, Lermontov, thiab tom qab ntawd Tyutchev, Fet, thiab lwm yam. Feem ntau, txawm tias ntawm cov kws sau ntawv ntawm lub sijhawm Soviet, lub tib Blok yog feem ntau ranked ntawm classicsLavxias teb sab poetic lo lus.

Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv thiab kws sau paj lug
Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv thiab kws sau paj lug

Ivan Krylov, uas tau sau nws zaj dab neeg, ua lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Muaj tseeb tiag, raws li nws hloov tawm tam sim no, nws tau qiv ntau cov phiaj xwm los ntawm Fab Kis tus kws sau ntawv Lafontaine, hloov kho thiab hloov kho lawv mus rau qhov tseeb ntawm Lavxias teb sab nrog cov lus qhia.

Txoj kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Lavxias teb sab

Los ntawm txoj kev, yog tias koj ua tib zoo xav txog cov duab ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv Lavxias thiab cov kws sau paj huam, lawv muab lub tswv yim ntawm lub sijhawm, uas tau nrog qhov tsis tau pom dua hauv cov lus kos duab. Outwardly - cov nobles, nyob rau hauv tus ntsuj plig - zoo tib yam cov neeg uas yog txawv teb chaws mus rau lub pomposity ntawm huab tais secular receptions. Saib ntau npaum li cas ntawm lawv piav qhia txog tib neeg tus ntsuj plig thiab nws cov kev paub dhau los! Tej zaum, ntau tshaj ib zaug, ntau cov neeg nyeem tau kua muag hauv lawv lub qhov muag thaum tib lub Gerasim poob dej Mu-Mu. Thiab qhov no tsis yog tib qho piv txwv.

Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, txawm tias lawv cov keeb kwm zoo, ntau tus kws sau ntawv hauv lub sijhawm ntawd tau sau txog tib neeg thiab lawv cov teeb meem. Yog lawm, tsawg kawg yog ib txoj haujlwm zoo li "Leej twg nyob zoo hauv Russia?" Nyob ntawd koj tuaj yeem kawm tau ntau yam rau koj tus kheej, thiab kawm ntau yam txog lub neej ntawm tib neeg.

Tej zaum sab nraud, kev sib sau ntawm Lavxias teb sab classics nrog cov neeg tsis pom nws tus kheej, tab sis nws yog lawv cov uas ntseeg siab tias Lavxias tus ntsuj plig nyob hauv tag nrho nws cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg tshwm sim nws tus kheej nkaus xwb hauv cov neeg.

Paj huam hais txog cov neeg sau ntawv Lavxias thiab kws sau paj huam

Ntau tus xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv thiab cov neeg kawm tiav tau sau yuav luag odes rau cov neeg sau ntawv thaum lub sijhawm ntawd. Saib, tom qab tag nrho, txawm tias tib lub Lermontov ib zaug tsim qhov tseem tsis tau paub txog "Kev Tuag Ntawm Tus Kws Sau Ntawv", mob siab rau kev tuag ntawm Pushkin hauv kev sib tw nrog Dantes.

Kuv tuaj yeem hais li cas! Cov kws sau paj huam uas sau txog qhov zoo tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab classics tuaj yeem sau npe yuav luag tas li. Cov no yog Bryusov, thiab Balmont, thiab Ivanov, thiab Antokolsky, thiab Smelyakov, thiab ntau, ntau lwm tus.

Zoo kawg

Tau kawg, nws tsuas yog tsis yooj yim sua kom xav txog tag nrho Lavxias teb sab classics hauv ib tsab xov xwm. Txawm li cas los xij, zoo li cov ntsiab lus saum toj no muab lub tswv yim ntawm qhov zoo npaum li cas uas cov kws sau ntawv Lavxias thiab kws sau paj huam muaj nyob rau hauv ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv. Yog li ntawd, tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi xav tsis thoob nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tias sab hnub poob kuj kawm txog cov cuab yeej cuab tam Lavxias teb sab thiab them nqi rau txhua yam uas tau tsim los ntawm Lavxias teb sab classics.

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