Sau thiab sau paj huam ntawm lub hnub nyoog kub

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Kom lub ntsiab lus hu ua "Poets of the Golden Age", yam tsawg kawg koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias theem ntawm Lavxias teb sab kab lis kev cai txhais tau li cas thiab vim li cas nws thiaj hu ua qhov ntawd. Lub npe nws tus kheej yog metaphorical, thiab nws originated nyob rau hauv antiquity, nyob rau hauv antiquity. Nws tshwm sim raws li kev txhais ntawm lub xeev tshwj xeeb ntawm cov vajtswv thaum lub sijhawm lawv nyob hauv qee yam kev sib haum xeeb.

Ancient tej hauj lwm thiab lawv cov creators

Thiab cov lus dab neeg no, tau kawg, raug ntes los ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom thaum ub. Thawj Greek, xws li Hesiod. Qhov no yog lub sijhawm ntawm keeb kwm uas tus vaj tswv Kronos tsim ib tiam neeg ntawm cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv. Ib me ntsis tom qab, tus kws sau paj huam Virgil yuav siv hauv nws txoj haujlwm tsuas yog cov kab lus no: lub hnub nyoog kub. Tab sis lub sij hawm no yog txog lub sij hawm.

Thiab Ovid yuav nco ntsoov qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, hais tias tam sim no koj yuav tsum them txhua yam kub, vim tias lub neej tshwm sim hauv lub hnub nyoog kub. Thiab nws thiaj li tshwm sim tias nws yog kev sau ntawv ntawm Rome uas tom qab ntawd tau pib raug xaiv los ntawm kev hwm ntawm noble hlau.

Russian creativity uas tshuav ib tug unforgettable cim

Ib yam zoo sib xws yuav tshwm sim hauv kev kos duabLavxias teb sab xeev nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm lub XIX caug xyoo. Nws yog lub sij hawm tshwj xeeb patronage ntawm ntau sciences, painting thiab kab lis kev cai. Nws yog tsim nyog hais tias Herzen, lossi xav txog lub peculiar txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kauj ruam ntawm Lavxias teb sab kab lis kev cai, hais txog cov transformation uas nws tau ntsib mus txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, nrog rau ib tug yam ntxwv ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv tsuas yog rau nws, sau tseg tias Russia teb lub hu ntawm Peter. puas xyoo tom qab nrog lub ci ntsa iab Pushkin.

Thiab yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias tom qab lawv pib xaiv lub sijhawm kub, nws pib txij lub sijhawm no. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, St. Petersburg tau txais nws classic saib, uas cov neeg nyeem paub los ntawm tus masterpiece ntawm Alexander Sergeevich "Eugene Onegin".

Golden Russian architecture

Architect Zakharov nrhiav pom Admir alty, Fabkis tus txiv neej Tom de Thomon tab tom tsim kev sib pauv khoom lag luam, lub tswv yim uas ntes qhov pom ntawm lub tuam tsev loj loj ntawm lub sijhawm qub. Carl Rossi tsim nws tus kheej tshwj xeeb ensembles. Qhov no yog qhov zoo kawg nkaus Alexandria Theatre nrog txoj kev nto moo, uas yuav tau txais nws lub npe. Mikhailovsky majestic tsev fuabtais, lub tsev ntawm lub npe nrov Synod. Thiab tag nrho cov no sawv cev rau cov architecture, uas rov ua rau peb nco txog cov kev lig kev cai qub.

Thiab thaum xav txog tag nrho cov kev zoo nkauj no, qhov kev xav tau tshwm sim tias Petersburg tau rov ua dua tshiab raws li hom Rome thaum ub. Nws tau dhau los ua ib yam haujlwm ntawm kev kos duab. Nov yog qhov ua tiav lub tswv yim ntawm "qhov rais mus rau Tebchaws Europe" incarnation.

Poetshnub nyoog golden. Cov npe hais los ntawm ib tug phooj ywg ntawm Pushkin

Tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm cov xwm txheej no, nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias xyoo 1825, thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, tus phooj ywg ze ntawm Alexander Sergeevich, Pyotr Andreevich Pletnev, tus kws sau paj huam nto moo, thuam, tus kws qhia muaj peev xwm heev. ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, tau sau ib qho kev tshuaj xyuas nto moo hauv ib qho ntawm nws cov ntawv. Nws tau txuam nrog lub ntsiab lus ntawm Lavxias teb sab paj huam, uas npog lub sij hawm ntawm lub xyoo caum tsis ntev los no. Pletnev hais txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm Zhukovsky, Batyushkov thiab, ntawm chav kawm, hais txog lub ci ntsa iab Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. Nws yog thaum ntawd cov kab lus flashed: "Nov yog qhov chaw uas muaj hnub nyoog ntawm golden Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv pib."

Kev saib ntawm Fabkis txoj kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw thiab tus kws sau ntawv Valerie ntawm Lavxias kos duab

Thiab tom qab ntawd ntau, thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, hauv peb caug xyoo, hauv Paris, Nikolai Otsup tau sau ib tsab xov xwm zoo uas nws tau sim kos ib kab ntawm lub sijhawm thaum cov kws sau paj huam ntawm lub hnub nyoog kub sawv thiab pib ntawm lub hnub nyoog nyiaj.

Nws tso siab rau qhov kev xav ntawm tus kws sau ntawv Fabkis nto moo Paul Valery, uas tau sib cav thiab kawm txog keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua puas xyoo. Nws zoo siab thiab xav tsis thoob los ntawm ntau tus kws tsim txuj ci ci ntsa iab uas tau ci ntsa iab zoo li hnub qub thaum lub sijhawm no hauv tebchaws Russia. Cov no yog cov kws sau ntawv thiab kws sau paj huam ntawm lub hnub nyoog golden, cov npe uas yog coj los ntawm Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, Nikolai Gogol, Mikhail Lermontov, nrog rau Tolstoy thiab Dostoyevsky.

Paul Valéry piv qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Lavxias teb sab multifaceted art nrog txoj kev loj hlobancient ua yeeb yam. Tom qab ntawd, tsuas yog ob peb centuries xwb, tsuas yog ob peb tus neeg tsim muaj peev xwm tsim tau tag nrho cov kab lis kev cai ntawm Tebchaws Europe. Nws yog insanely admired los ntawm tag nrho cov tej hauj lwm ntawm sau ntawv, raws li zoo raws li cov paj huam los ntawm cov kws sau paj lug ntawm lub golden hnub nyoog ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv.

Tshwj xeeb ib puas xyoo thiab ingenious kos duab ntawm Lavxias teb sab creators

Yog li ntawd muaj ib lub tswv yim ntawm ib puas xyoo tshwj xeeb ntawm Lavxias teb sab kos duab, uas suav nrog tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua puas xyoo. Cov kws sau ntawv thiab kws sau paj huam ntawm lub hnub nyoog golden feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog Pushkin era. Thiab qhov no yog lub sijhawm uas qee qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm tag nrho lub xyoo pua thib kaum yim tau sau tseg.

Tib lub sijhawm, kev coj noj coj ua hauv tebchaws tau tsim, ntau tus cwj pwm hu ua Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin tus tsim cov ntaub ntawv Lavxias tshiab. Tab sis thaum lub hnub nyoog golden no raug coj mus rau qhov dav dav, ces tag nrho lub xyoo pua puas xyoo yuav tsum nco ntsoov.

Thiab nws tsim nyog hais txog ob lub sijhawm Pushkin thiab suav nrog cov haujlwm ntawm Tolstoy, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Anton Chekhov. Qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib puas xyoo thaum cov kws sau ntawv thiab cov kws sau paj huam ntawm lub hnub nyoog kub pab kev sau ntawv muaj tswv yim kom tau txais tus cwj pwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb suab nrov. Thiab ntawm no tsis yog tsuas yog kev ua tiav ntawm lub tebchaws, tab sis kev lees paub ntawm Lavxias teb sab kab lis kev cai nyob rau hauv lwm qhov kev kos duab dav.

Lub sijhawm ntawm tus neeg txawj ntse Alexander Sergeevich

Tab sis tseem, cov nqe lus ntawm cov kws sau paj huam ntawm lub hnub nyoog kub yog, thawj zaug ntawm tag nrho, rau Pushkin lub sijhawm. Thiab pib lub xyoo pua ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ci ntsa iab tau txuam nrog cov neeg tsim ntawm thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19. Yuav ua li cas yogcia siab rau cov kev txiav txim ntawm Pletnev, ces peb tab tom tham txog kev ua hauj lwm ntawm Konstantin Nikolayevich Batyushkov, Vasily Andreevich Zhukovsky thiab, ntawm chav kawm, Pushkin.

Ntawm no peb pom qee cov pov thawj ntawm lub nplhaib muaj pes tsawg leeg, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov kws sau paj huam ntawm lub hnub nyoog kub. Lub teeb ci ntsa iab yog pom meej hauv kev ua paj huam. Thiab nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19 yuav muaj feem xyuam nrog tej hauj lwm uas muaj feem xyuam rau prose. Txawm hais tias nyob rau lub sijhawm no, ntau qhov kev sau ntawm tsis muaj tsawg tus neeg tsim tawm tau tshaj tawm. Cov no yog cov kws sau paj huam ntawm lub hnub nyoog golden ntawm Lavxias teb sab cov ntaub ntawv xws li Nekrasov, Fedor Ivanovich Tyutchev thiab Fet. Nws yog li ntawd tshwm sim hais tias cov sau phau ntawv thiab lawv peb collections yog raws nraim nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm ob centuries ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tau pom tias yog cov kws sau paj huam ntawm lub hnub nyoog kub.

Lavxias teb sab paj huam ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd tau qhuas tsis yog los ntawm cov neeg nyeem Lavxias nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj los ntawm ntau tus neeg paub zoo ntawm cov tebchaws nyob sab Europe. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias tsis muaj tsawg nto moo thiab txawj ntse creators yug nyob rau hauv Western lub teb chaws, Lavxias teb sab paj huam evoked ib co tshwj xeeb reverent cwj pwm.

Tus neeg txawj ntse ntawm cov kws kos duab Lavxias

Nyob rau hauv lub thirties, ua tsaug rau kev siv zog ntawm Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov, Trediakovsky thiab ib tug me ntsis tom qab - Sumarokov, ib tug tshwj xeeb system ntawm versification yuav tshwm sim, uas yuav siv tau los ntawm ntau cov kws sau paj lug ntawm lub hnub nyoog golden. Lavxias teb sab creators ntawm lub sij hawm ntawd tau raug sau tseg tias yog tus tshaj plaws ci ntsa iab thiab thawj tus sau. Nyob rau hauv lawv tej hauj lwm muaj ib tug ywj siab, ywj siab intonation.

Nws yog lawv uas tswj tsis tau tsuas yog hnov thiab pom tag nrho cov zoo ntawm Lavxias teb sab xwm, tab sis mus hu nws nyob rau hauv lawv cov paj huam. Nws yog cov kws sau paj lug ntawm lub hnub nyoog golden uas muaj peev xwm qhia txog kev sib haum xeeb ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm tib neeg thiab xwm. Lawv xyaum loj hlob mus rau hauv cov ntsiab lus, qhia lawv txoj kev ntxhov siab, kev xyiv fab thiab kev xav hauv nqe lus, paj huam, ballads, odes thiab stanzas.

Thiab qhov zoo tshaj plaws, tau kawg, yog Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. Nws cov kab tau kawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv, ntau tus neeg nyeem paub nws cov paj huam, thiab ntau tus kws sau keeb kwm thoob ntiaj teb kawm txog nws phau ntawv keeb kwm. Tab sis tsis muaj tsawg ci ntsa iab yog Mikhail Lermontov, uas thoob plaws hauv nws lub neej luv luv nyob rau hauv tus duab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm Pushkin, uas ua rau nws nyuaj siab. Tus sau tej hauj lwm yeej ib txwm muaj kev txom nyem, kev ntshaw thiab nqhis kev ywj pheej.

Ib yam yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, kev txawj ntse, kev tsis sib xws, kev ywj pheej ntawm kev xav thiab kev hlub uas tsis muaj kev cia siab rau lawv Leej Niam - tag nrho cov kws sau paj huam ntawm lub hnub nyoog golden muaj cov khoom zoo no. Lavxias teb sab paj huam belongs rau kaum ob ntawm tej hauj lwm los ntawm nto moo sau ntawv. Cov kev tsim zoo nkauj no tseem kov lub siab ntawm cov neeg nyeem thiab ua rau muaj kev xav thiab kev xav.