Nkauj ua yeeb yam nto moo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Ntaus opera singers ntawm lub ntiaj teb no yog lub hauv paus ntawm tag nrho cov classical vocal art. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm arias nyob ntawm theem ntawm kev txawj ntse, uas yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo. Raws li txoj cai, cov neeg hu nkauj opera uas paub zoo tau pib kawm suab paj nruag hauv lawv cov menyuam yaus, kawm hauv tsev kawm suab paj nruag, thiab tom qab ntawd ntawm lub tsev khaws khoom. Cov khoom plig tshwj xeeb tau mus ua haujlwm hauv La Scala - Milan Opera House, uas yog hom "Mecca" ntawm lub suab kos duab. Nyob rau theem legendary, ua haujlwm los ntawm cov kws sau nkauj zoo xws li Donizetti, Giuseppe Verdi, Bellini, Giacomo Puccini tau ua. Cov neeg ua yeeb yam nto moo tshaj plaws tau ua arias los ntawm Madama Npauj Npaim, Turandot thiab lwm yam txuj ci ntawm kev ua yeeb yam ntawm La Scala. Milan theatre tau tsim muaj nyob rau hauv 1778 thiab tau ua ib lub tsev kawm ntawv zoo rau cov neeg ua yeeb yam uas xav tau txij thaum ntawd los.

Public recognition

Cov neeg hu nkauj opera nto moo ua lawv txoj kev koom tes rau ntiaj teb kab lis kev cai los ntawm kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov theem nto moo tshaj plaws nrog cov tsev neeg coob coob. Opera kos duab tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam txhua hnub, kev txaus siab rau nws tau loj hlob thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Cov pej xeem sim tsis nco ib leegib qho kev ua yeeb yam uas nto moo opera singers thiab singers koom. Thiab tom qab ua yeeb yam, cov neeg saib ua tsaug tau nthuav tawm cov paj paj rau cov neeg ua yeeb yam, yog li qhia lawv txoj kev qhuas.

Qhov kev nyiam ntawm tus kws kos duab qhib qhov rooj rau cov chaw ua yeeb yam nto moo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, xws li Metropolitan Opera hauv New York, Vienna Opera House lossis Bolshoi Theatre hauv Moscow. Cov ntawv cog lus feem ntau xaus rau ob peb lub caij ib zaug.

Kev ua yeeb yam nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam uas tau lees paub feem ntau tau teem sijhawm ib xyoos ua ntej, cov neeg saib tuaj yeem paub txog qhov kev ua yeeb yam ua ntej, thaum Lub Ib Hlis lawv tuaj yeem yuav daim pib rau qhov kev ua yeeb yam uas tau teem tseg, piv txwv li, rau lub Yim Hli thiab, yog li ntawd, ntsib lawv tus neeg nyiam hu nkauj lossis tus hu nkauj. Connoisseurs ntawm opera kos duab paub tag nrho lub ntiaj teb masterpieces yam tsis muaj kev zam thiab tuaj yeem xaiv tus neeg ua yeeb yam rau lawv saj.

Nkauj hmoob zoo nkauj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb

Cov neeg ua yeeb yam muaj peev xwm, lees paub tus tswv ntawm lub suab, ua ib pab pawg muaj tswv yim. Cov neeg hu nkauj opera paub zoo yog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, soloists uas coj kev kos duab siab rau pawg neeg. Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm arias yog lawv "daim npav hu", cov neeg tuaj saib mus rau Placido Domingo, Maria Biescha lossis Dmitry Hvorostovsky.

Tseem muaj qee lub sijhawm uas muaj kev kos duab siab coj los ua ke cov neeg txawj ua yeeb yam los ntawm "cov neeg hu nkauj nrov opera" qeb. Yog li nws yog thaum lub trio zoo kawg nkaus tau tsim - Pavarotti Luciano, José Carreras thiab Placido Domingo. Feem ntau unsurpassed, nto moo opera singers, peb tenors, pib ua yeeb yam ua ke, uas tsimkev vam meej tiag tiag hauv ntiaj teb ntawm suab paj nruag. Cov neeg tuaj saib tau txais kev sib koom ua haujlwm ntawm tus tswv nrog kev zoo siab thiab ua tsaug.

YLuciano Pavarotti

Tus hu nkauj tenor opera ntawm Italian keeb kwm yog ib tus neeg ua yeeb yam nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm xyoo pua 20th. Ua tsaug rau nws lub suab txawj, qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm lub suab tsim tawm, thiab nws qhov kev zoo siab, Pavarotti tau los ua lub hnub qub ntawm theem thaum muaj hnub nyoog 24 xyoos. Kev muaj koob meej tau txhawb nqa los ntawm kev tshwm sim tsis tu ncua hauv TV, nrog rau kev tshaj tawm hauv xov xwm.

Luciano yog ib qho ntawm ob peb tus neeg hu nkauj ua yeeb yam uas tau koom nrog cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb rau cov suab paj nruag pop. Nws hu nkauj chanson nrog kev txaus siab, hits ntawm fashionable composers - thiab tag nrho cov no tau nrog los ntawm playful reprises thiab humoresques. Pavarotti muaj ntau tus phooj ywg nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm cov suab paj nruag pob zeb, nws pheej ua kev sib koom concerts, uas yog hu ua "Pavarotti thiab cov phooj ywg". Txawm li cas los xij, tib lub sijhawm, tus neeg hu nkauj tsis sib xws nyob hauv nws qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb - tus kws tshaj lij kev kawm.

Luciano Pavarotti tau koom tes nrog kev ua haujlwm pub dawb thiab tseem tau rov qab muab khoom plig los ntawm tsoomfwv Italian rau nws txoj kev koom tes hauv kev nrhiav nyiaj txiag rau cov neeg tawg rog nom tswv thiab lub koom haum Red Cross. Tus neeg hu nkauj rau ntau tshaj plaub caug xyoo ntawm nws txoj haujlwm tau ua ntau yam hauv kev ua yeeb yam, nws lub npe tau sau mus ib txhis hauv Golden Fund ntawm ntiaj teb kab lis kev cai.

YJose Carreras

Carreras José, tus neeg hu nkauj Spanish yug (tenor), yug hauv 1946 hauv Barcelona. Nws muaj lub suab tshwj xeebpov npav. Nws cov lus txhais ntawm kev ua haujlwm los ntawm Giacomo Puccini thiab Giuseppe Verdi tau paub dav. Xyoo 1972, nws tau tshwm sim thawj zaug hauv Asmeskas theem hauv Puccini's Opera Cio-Cio-san, ua tus cwj pwm tseem ceeb, Lieutenant Pinkerton.

Ob xyoos tom qab, Carreras ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm Duke of Mantua hauv Giuseppe Verdi's Rigoletto.

Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 28 xyoo, tus neeg hu nkauj tau ua ntau tshaj li ob lub luag haujlwm hauv classical operatic repertoire. Thiab nyob rau xyoo 1987, Jose Carreras tau dhau los ntawm qhov xwm txheej txaus ntshai: cov kws kho mob tau kuaj pom nws mob qog noj ntshav. Mob leukemia cuam tshuam tus neeg hu nkauj txoj haujlwm rau ntau tshaj ib xyoos. Thaum kawg tus kab mob no txo qis, thiab Carreras tau teeb tsa lub hauv paus los txhawb kev tshawb fawb txog kev kho mob qog noj ntshav.

Tom qab nws rov qab los, Jose tau mus rau Moscow, qhov chaw uas nws tau koom nrog kev sib tw ua yeeb yam tshwj xeeb rau av qeeg hauv Armenia, ua ke nrog Montserrat Caballe. Tom qab ntawd, tus tenor tuaj rau Russia ntau tshaj ib zaug ntawm kev ncig xyuas. José Carreras ua tiav nws qhov kev ua yeeb yam ntawm theem opera hauv 2009.

Placido Domingo

Ntawm lyric-dramatic tenor, opera singer ntawm Spanish keeb kwm. Yug hauv 1941. Nws yog tus thawj coj tsim khoom ntawm Los Angeles Opera thiab Washington Opera. Ib qho ntawm peb lub npe nrov tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, nrog rau Jose Carreras thiab Luciano Pavarottti.

Lub sijhawm nws ntau tshaj li ib nrab xyoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm, Placido Domingo tau ua 140 qhov chaw ua yeeb yam, uas txiav txim siab nws qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus neeg hu nkauj feem ntau koom nrog kev ua yeeb yam thaum nyob ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas qhov muag. Ntau tshaj 100 opera ua yeeb yam nrog nws kev koom tes tau raug kaw,qhov twg Domingo ua ib tug soloist thiab hu nkauj ib tug duet. 21 lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws tenor qhib lub caij ntawm Metropolitan Opera, ua ntej ntawm Enrique Caruso hauv qhov no.

ntiaj teb nto moo ua yeeb yam

Lub hnub qub ntawm kev ua yeeb yam tuaj nyob rau xyoo pua 20th. Tag nrho cov haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tau ua nyob rau hauv 30s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem. Yuav luag txhua tus neeg hu nkauj nrov opera hauv ntiaj teb tau koom nrog kev ua yeeb yam suab paj nruag ntawm xyoo pua 20th. Lawv txoj kev vam meej tau txiav txim siab los ntawm pej xeem lees paub. Txawm li cas los xij, tseem muaj cov neeg hu nkauj ua yeeb yam nto moo nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th. Coob leej ntau tus tau nyob ntev, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.

19th century classical music performers

Cov npe suav nrog cov npe nrov opera hu nkauj ntawm lub xyoo pua ua ntej kawg:

• Irena Abendroth (1872-1932), soprano. Nws ua yeeb yam ntawm Vienna Opera.
• Pasquale Amato (1878-1942), baritone. Tau ua ntawm Milan's La Scala thiab New York's Metropolitan Opera.
• Karel Burian (1870-1924), tenor. Ua yeeb yam ntawm Vienna Opera.
• Eugenio Burzio (1872-1922), soprano. Yog ib tug soloist ntawm "La Scala"
• Davydov Alexander (1872-1944), Lavxias teb sab tenor. Tau ua ntawm ntau lub tsev ua yeeb yam.
• Maria Dolina (1868-1919), contr alto. Soloist ntawm Mariinsky Theatre.

20th century ua yeeb yam

Cov npe hauv qab no muaj cov npe nrov opera hu nkauj ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th:

• Elizaveta Shumskaya (1905-1987), soprano. Bolshoi Theatre, Moscow.
• Gotlob Frick (1906-1994), bass. Dresden Opera, Covent Garden.
• Tatiana Troyanos (1938-1993), mezzo-soprano. Metropolitan Opera.
• Ivan Petrov (1920-2003), bass. Bolshoi Theatre.
• Jesse Norman, b. Xyoo 1945, soprano. "La Scala".
• Jose Carreras, b. 1946, dr hab. Txhua lub ntiaj teb opera tsev.
• Maria Callas (1923-1977), soprano. Metropolitan Opera.
• Montserrat Caballé, b. 1933, ib. Covent Garden.
• Mario del Monaco (1915-1982), tenor. World Opera Houses.

Ntawm Lavxias teb sab opera singers

Lub sijhawm xyoo pua 20th, ntau tiam neeg ntawm cov neeg txawj ntse tau hloov pauv hauv tebchaws Russia.

Hnub no, cov neeg ua yeeb yam nto moo Lavxias teb sab ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm Golden Fund ntawm Lavxias teb sab suab paj nruag kab lis kev cai.

Legendary bass of Russia

Chaliapin Fedor Ivanovich (1873-1938) - Lavxias teb sab opera singer nrog ib tug txawv txawv ntses bass thaj tsam, soloist ntawm lub Bolshoi Theatre nyob rau hauv Moscow thiab lub New York Metropolitan Opera. Tib neeg Artist, yog tus thawj coj kos duab ntawm Mariinsky Theatre hauv Leningrad. Comprehensively khoom plig, nws tau koom nyob rau hauv graphics, duab puab thiab painting. Nws muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub ntiaj teb opera art.

Vishnevskaya Galina Pavlovna (1926-2012) - Lavxias teb sab opera singer nrog soprano ntawm nws tus kheej purity, actress, ua yeeb yam thawj coj thiab xib fwb. Nws tau txais qhov kev txiav txim "Rau Merit to the Fatherland". Thoob plaws hauv nws lub neej ntev nws tau koom nrog kev ua haujlwm muaj txiaj ntsig, txij li xyoo 2006 nws tau ua tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm pawg neeg saib xyuas kev sib tw thoob ntiaj teb.opera artists. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Galina Vishnevskaya ua si hauv Sokurov zaj duab xis "Alexandra", uas qhia nws tus kheej ua tus neeg ua yeeb yam muaj peev xwm.

Kazarnovskaya Lyubov Yurievna yug hauv 1956. Lavxias teb sab opera singer, soprano. Nws kawm tiav los ntawm Moscow Conservatory thiab lub koom haum Gnessin. Professor, Ph. D. Nws ua nws debut li Tatyana Larina hauv "Eugene Onegin" los ntawm Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. Nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv Pagliacci, Iolanthe, La Boheme thiab ntau lwm yam kev ua yeeb yam. Nws yog tus soloist ntawm Mariinsky Theatre los ntawm 1986 txog 1989

Netrebko Anna Yurievna - Lavxias teb sab opera singer, soprano. Nyob rau hauv 1993 nws raug caw mus ua hauj lwm los ntawm Valery Gergiev, tus thawj coj ntawm lub Mariinsky Theatre. Xyoo 2002, Anna Netrebko ua yeeb yam thawj zaug hauv New York ntawm theem ntawm Metropolitan Opera. Tam sim no, Netrebko ua yeeb yam hauv cov tsev ua yeeb yam hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab Asmeskas.

Mezzo-soprano

Elena Vasilievna Obraztsova yug hauv 1939. Mezzo-soprano suab, opera singer ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation. Tib neeg Artist ntawm lub Soviet Union, tus kws qhia suab. Laureate ntawm Lenin nqi zog nyob rau hauv 1976. Nyob rau hauv 1990 nws tau txais lub title Hero ntawm Socialist Labor. Ib xyoo dhau los, thaum mus ncig tebchaws Asmeskas cov nroog, tus neeg hu nkauj ua yeeb yam los ntawm Marina Mnishek hauv kev ua yeeb yam "Boris Godunov", tom qab ntawd nws tau los ua lub hnub qub ntawm theem opera.

Arkhipova Irina Konstantinovna (1939-2010) - opera singer, mezzo-soprano suab, actress thiab xib fwb, Neeg ArtistSoviet Union, Hero of Socialist Labor, Laureate ntawm Lenin nqi zog. Irina Arkhipova tau txais lub koob meej hauv ntiaj teb rau nws txoj kev txhais lus zoo ntawm Carmen ua tsaug rau nws qhov khoom plig ntawm kev hloov pauv theem. Los ntawm 1956 txog 1988 nws yog tus soloist ntawm Bolshoi Theatre.

Ntawm tenors ntawm thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th

Ivan Kozlovsky (1900-1993) - opera singer nrog ib tug lyric tenor, tus thawj coj. Hero ntawm Socialist Labor, Tib neeg Artist ntawm lub Soviet Union. Kev ua yeeb yam zoo tshaj plaws: Lub Duke hauv Opera Rigoletto, Indian qhua hauv Opera Sadko, Lensky hauv Eugene Onegin, tus neeg ruam dawb huv hauv Opera Boris Godunov (lub luag haujlwm no suav tias yog lub luag haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Ivan Semenovich).

Sergey Lemeshev (1902-1977) - Lavxias teb sab opera singer nrog ib tug lyric tenor. Laureate ntawm Stalin nqi zog, Neeg Artist ntawm lub Soviet Union, tus thawj coj thiab tus kws qhia ntawv. Txij li thaum 1931 nws tau ua ib tug soloist ntawm Bolshoi Theatre. Nws ua lub aria ntawm suav Almaviva nyob rau hauv lub opera Lub Barber ntawm Seville, lub duke nyob rau hauv Rigoletto, lub astrologer nyob rau hauv lub Golden Cockerel, thiab cov Indian qhua nyob rau hauv Sadko. Nyob rau hauv 1951 Sergei Lemeshev coj lub Opera La Traviata ntawm Leningrad Opera Theatre. Tom qab ntawd, xyoo 1957, Lemeshev tau los ua tus thawj coj ntawm Massenet's Opera Werther thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv nws.

Siberian nugget

Hvorostovsky Dmitry Alexandrovich - opera singer, baritone. Yug hauv 1962 hauv Krasnoyarsk. Nws yog neeg Artist ntawm Russia. Koom nrog ntau heevsuab paj nruag tej yaam num nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, nrog rau cov opera "Don Juan", staged nyob rau hauv Geneva, thiab ua si "Hlub Potion" los ntawm Donizetti - nyob rau hauv lub Metropolitan Opera.

Dmitry Hvorostovsky tsis nres ntawm qhov tau ua tiav hauv kev ua yeeb yam, nws koom tes nrog cov kws sau nkauj uas sau cov suab paj nruag niaj hnub, w altzes, nkauj nyiam, lyrical tej hauj lwm. Tus neeg hu nkauj muaj lub voj voog ntawm cov nkauj ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog xyoo, uas tau tsim nyob rau lub sijhawm sib txawv. Ntawm lawv yog "Lub toj roob hauv pes tau haus luam yeeb" (tus sau V. Basner, lyrics los ntawm M. Matusovsky), "Au, txoj kev!" (suab paj nruag los ntawm A. Novikov, lyrics los ntawm L. Oshanin), "Dark Night" (music los ntawm N. Bogoslovsky, lyrics los ntawm V. Agatov), "Lavxias teb sab teb" (music los ntawm J. Frenkel, lyrics los ntawm I. Goff) thiab ntau lwm tus.

Vocal art today

Ntawm Lavxias teb sab opera hu nkauj tau txais tos qhua ntawm kev ua yeeb yam. Nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntev ntawm opera nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab xeev, ob peb tiam neeg txawj ntse ua yeeb yam twb hloov lawm. Cov tiam tam sim no tseem zoo siab rau pej xeem. Opera tseem xav tau thoob plaws ntiaj teb.