Creativity hauv science. Kev tshawb fawb thiab kev muaj tswv yim zoo sib xws li cas?

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Nws feem ntau lees paub tias kev muaj tswv yim thiab kev tshawb fawb tsis muaj kev sib txuas, thiab qee zaum txawm tias qhov chaw ntawm peb lub neej. Tab sis puas yog tiag tiag? Hais txog seb puas muaj tswv yim hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab nws qhia li cas, koj yuav kawm los ntawm kab lus no. Koj tseem yuav kawm txog tus kheej nto moo uas tau ua pov thawj los ntawm lawv tus yam ntxwv tias kev tshawb fawb thiab kev ua haujlwm muaj tswv yim tuaj yeem sib koom ua ke.

kev muaj tswv yim yog dab tsi?

Lo lus no txhais tau tias tsim ib yam dab tsi tshiab hauv txhua cheeb tsam ntawm tib neeg lub neej. Thawj lub cim ntawm kev muaj tswv yim yog ib txoj hauv kev tshwj xeeb ntawm kev xav uas dhau mus dhau cov qauv thiab kev xav hauv ntiaj teb. Nov yog qhov tsim nyog ntawm sab ntsuj plig lossis cov khoom siv li cas: tej hauj lwm ntawm suab paj nruag, ntawv nyeem thiab kos duab, inventions, tswv yim, discoveries.

Lwm qhov cim tseem ceeb ntawm kev muaj tswv yim yog qhov tsis sib xws ntawm qhov tshwm sim, nrog rau nws qhov tsis muaj tseeb. Tsis muaj leej twg, feem ntau txawm tias tus sau nws tus kheej, tuaj yeem kwv yees seb yuav tshwm sim li cas los ntawm kev nkag siab zoo ntawm kev muaj tiag.

Kev nkag siab nkag siab nyob hauv qhov chaw tseem ceeb hauv kev muaj tswv yimkev muaj tiag, nrog rau cov xeev tshwj xeeb ntawm tib neeg kev nco qab - kev tshoov siab, kev pom, thiab lwm yam. Qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm qhov tshiab thiab qhov tsis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov khoom lag luam.

Dab tsi yog science?

Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm peb cov dej num no, muaj kev tsub zuj zuj thiab systematization ntawm lub hom phiaj kev paub txog lub ntiaj teb no nyob ib ncig ntawm peb, raws li zoo raws li hais txog tus neeg nws tus kheej. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej: txhua qhov kev txiav txim siab theoretical yuav tsum tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm lub hom phiaj tseeb thiab pov thawj. Yog tias qhov no tsis yog qhov teeb meem, ces qhov kev txiav txim tsis tuaj yeem hu ua scientific. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tsis yog ib txwm dag - nws tsuas yog ua tsis tau tam sim no kom paub meej nws nrog lub hom phiaj (ywj siab ntawm tib neeg lub siab nyiam) cov ntaub ntawv.

Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev txiav txim yog sau los ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv: kev soj ntsuam, kev sim, ua haujlwm nrog kho thiab suav cov khoom siv, thiab lwm yam. Tom qab ntawd cov ntaub ntawv tau txais yog systematized, tsom xam, kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom thiab tshwm sim, thiab cov lus xaus tau kos. Cov txheej txheem no hu ua kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb.

Kev paub txog kev tshawb fawb feem ntau pib nrog kev xav lossis kev xav, uas tom qab ntawd sim ua haujlwm. Yog tias kev tshawb fawb lub hom phiaj tau lees paub qhov kev xav theoretical, ces nws dhau los ua txoj cai lij choj lossis kev sib raug zoo.

Ntau yam kev muaj tswv yim

Creativity tuaj yeem tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv txhua qhov ntawm tib neeg lub neej: los ntawm kev tsim cov khoom siv coj mus rau kev sib txuas lus. Yog li ntawd, nws hom yog qhov txawv:

1. Artistic creation (creation of objects).cov khoom lossis lub ntiaj teb sab ntsuj plig uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nkauj).

2. Kev muaj tswv yim hauv zej zog (kev kawm, kev tshaj tawm, kev lag luam, kev sib raug zoo rau pej xeem, kev hloov pauv nom tswv, kev tawm tsam, kiv puag ncig).

3. Kev muaj tswv yim zoo (kev tsim khoom tshiab, khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov cuab yeej siv siab, thiab lwm yam).

4 Kev muaj tswv yim tshawb fawb (kev txhim kho kev paub tshiab, nthuav dav ntawm thaj tsam ntawm qhov uas twb paub lawm, kev lees paub lossis kev tsis lees paub ntawm cov kev xav ua ntej uas twb muaj lawm).

Nyob hauv ntau yam kawg, peb pom tias kev tshawb fawb thiab kev muaj tswv yim sib txuas li cas. Ob leeg yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm kev tsim ib yam dab tsi tshiab, tshwj xeeb thiab tseem ceeb, muaj nuj nqis rau tus neeg. Yog li ntawd, creativity nyob rau hauv science yog deb ntawm qhov chaw kawg. Nws tuaj yeem hais tias yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb.

Type of sciences

Tam sim no cia saib seb yam kev tshawb fawb tau nthuav tawm hauv peb lub neej. Kev faib tawm yog raws li hauv qab no:

1. Natural sciences (kawm txoj cai ntawm animate thiab inanimate xwm; biology, physics, chemistry, lej, astronomy, thiab lwm yam).

2. Engineering sciences (kawm cov technosphere nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws manifestations; computer science, chemical technology, nuclear zog, engineering, architecture, biotechnology thiab ntau lwm yam).

3. Applied sciences (lub hom phiaj kom tau txais qhov txiaj ntsig uas tuaj yeem siv tau hauv kev xyaum; siv kev puas siab puas ntsws, forensic science, agronomy, metallurgy, thiab lwm yam).

4. Humanities (kawm txog kab lis kev cai, sab ntsuj plig,kev xav, kev ncaj ncees thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm ib tug neeg; ethics, aesthetics, kev cai dab qhuas kev tshawb fawb, kab lis kev cai, kos duab keeb kwm, anthropology, psychology, linguistics, nom tswv science, txoj cai, keeb kwm, ethnography, pedagogy, thiab lwm yam.)

5. Social sciences (lawv kawm txog tib neeg thiab kev sib raug zoo hauv nws, ntau yam hais txog tib neeg; keeb kwm, kev xav, kev xav txog kev xav, kev nom kev tswv, thiab lwm yam)

Kev tshawb fawb muaj tswv yim

Los ntawm kev faib tawm ntawm ntau yam ntawm kev muaj tswv yim, nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias kev paub txog kev tshawb fawb feem ntau suav nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev muaj tswv yim. Txwv tsis pub, nws yuav nyuaj rau kev tshawb nrhiav thiab tsim cov khoom tsim, vim tias nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov kws tshawb fawb feem ntau tau tsav los ntawm kev nkag siab thiab kev xav tsis txaus ntseeg, uas tom qab ntawd txhawb nqa los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv lub hom phiaj.

Kev muaj tswv yim hauv kev tshawb fawb kuj tau tshwm sim hauv kev nkag siab ntawm qhov tseeb uas twb paub lawm uas tuaj yeem ua pov thawj los ntawm lwm lub kaum sab xis lossis tsis lees paub ua tsaug rau qhov tshiab, tshiab saib. Debunking myths xwb hauv paus hauv kev tshawb fawb kuj yuav tsum tau xav txawv txawv.

Kev muaj tswv yim hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm tus qauv ntawm tus neeg nto moo

Ntawm niaj hnub no, nws yog ib txwm coj los faib cov tib neeg rau hauv cov neeg uas muaj kev xav txog tib neeg lossis kev xav, thaum txiav txim siab tias thawj qeb yog qhov zoo hauv kev muaj tswv yim thiab kev sib raug zoo, thiab qhov thib ob - hauv kev tshawb fawb, kev siv thiab siv. Qhov tseeb, txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub neej nyob rau hauv lub neej niaj hnub no muaj kev sib raug zoo, thiab tib neeg lub peev xwm muaj ntau haiv neeg thiab tsim tau.

Tsis yog tsuas yog muaj tswv yim hauv kev tshawb fawb, tab sis kev sib xyaw ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev kos duab ntawm lub ntiaj teb kuj ua tau. Cov piv txwv tiag tiag ntawm qhov no yog keeb kwm ntawm L. da Vinci (tus kws kos duab, sculptor, kws kes duab vajtse, tshuab raj, inventor thiab tub rog engineer), A. Einstein (theorist, violinist), Pythagoras (mathematician thiab tshuab raj), N. Paganini (suab paj nruag, composer, music engineer). Creativity nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb yog tsis muaj tsawg kom meej meej manifested nyob rau hauv cov piv txwv ntawm ib tug nto moo tus neeg, Lomonosov M. V., uas yog ib tug neeg muaj encyclopedic kev paub thiab ntau yam txuj ci nyob rau hauv ntau yam teb, uas tso cai rau nws kom paub nws tus kheej raws li ib tug natural scientist, chemist, physicist, astronomer. geography, as well as historian, educator, poet, literary critic thiab artist.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias kev tshawb fawb, kev muaj tswv yim, kab lis kev cai tsis yog kev sib cais ntawm tib neeg kev ua, tab sis kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm ib leeg.