Tus kws sau ntawv Lavxias Natalya Ilyina: biography thiab duab

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Ilyina Natalya Iosifovna (1914-1994) yog tus kws sau ntawv Lavxias thiab tus neeg sau xov xwm paub zoo, tus sau phau ntawv keeb kwm, hauv nws lub neej ob sab ntawm lub ntiaj teb, Sab Hnub Tuaj thiab Sab Hnub Poob, tsis muaj kev sib koom siab.

Ib tug poj niam zoo yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm txoj hmoo ntawm ib tug ntawm cov neeg Lavxias teb sab txawv teb chaws los ntawm lub siab nyiam ntawm kev phem.

Biography ntawm Natalia Ilina

Natalya Ilyina yug rau lub Tsib Hlis 19, 1914 hauv lub xeev Simbirsk (Russia). Nws niam, Elena Dmitrievna Voeikova, tau hais ntau yam lus, tau koom nrog kev txhais lus thiab qhia. Papa Joseph Sergeevich yog ib tug tub ceev xwm ntawm tub rog, kawm tiav ntawm St. Petersburg Naval Corps, thiab yog ib tug neeg txhawb nqa ntawm White Guard zog. yawm txiv yog ib tug hero ntawm tsov rog ntawm 1812, yawg yog ib tug neeg sau xov xwm thiab kws tshawb fawb tag nrho cov dov mus rau hauv ib tug, thiab txiv ntxawm yog ib tug nto moo geography, phooj ywg thiab cov npoj yaig ntawm D. Mendeleev thiab Y. Shokalsky.

Xyoo 1920, tsev neeg raug yuam kom tsiv teb tsaws chaw rau lub sijhawm ntawd "Lavxias teb sab"Tuam Tshoj lub nroog yog Harbin. Nyob ntawd, tus ntxhais tau txais kev kawm zoo, kawm hauv lub koom haum ntawm Oriental thiab Commercial Sciences. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Natalia tau koom nrog hauv cov haujlwm ntawm lub nroog theatre studio.

Lub neej nyob rau hauv Suav teb tau ntau xyoo

Yog tsis kawm tiav los ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv, tus ntxhais tsiv mus rau Shanghai, qhov chaw nws tau txais txoj haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov ntawv xov xwm emigrant "Shanghai Kaj ntug". Nws thawj zaug luam tawm nws cov feuilletons, imbued nrog hloov maj mam lom zem, caustic thiab zoo- aimed nyob rau hauv lub pseudonym npeeg Peng. Cov kab lus hais lus tsis zoo no tau piav qhia meej thiab iab duab ntawm lub neej ntawm cov neeg Lavxias hauv Harbin thiab Shanghai. Ces Natalya thiab ob peb comrades tsim cov ntawv xov xwm txhua lub lim tiam "Shanghai Bazaar"; raws li tus sau nws tus kheej ntseeg, nws yog ib qho kev lom zem tshaj tawm txog cov ncauj lus tshwj xeeb. Ntxiv rau Ilyina, ntau tus neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw Lavxias tau koom nrog hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm, ntawm lawv yog nws tus phooj ywg A. Vertinsky.

Nrog kev tawm tsam ntawm USSR los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees, Natalya Ilyina pib ua rau ntau thiab ntau dua rau txoj kev hlub. Lub Shanghai Bazaar tau nkag mus rau hauv kev sib tawm tsam nrog cov neeg tawm tsam emigre thiab cov ntawv tshaj tawm, raug tsim txom los ntawm tub ceev xwm thiab tsis ua haujlwm hauv xyoo 1941. Cov ntawv sau txog lub neej hauv Suav teb, qhov twg Natalia Ilyina siv sijhawm 27 xyoo, tau sau rau hauv phau ntawv "Different Eyes", luam tawm xyoo 1946. Txij thaum ntawd los, tsis muaj reprints, thiab niaj hnub no phau ntawv yog ib tug bibliographic rarity. Natalya tsis nco qab nws lub tebchaws - Russia - thiab rov qab los ntawm no tsuas yog xyoo 1947.

nyob zoo Russia! Tus kws sau ntawv IlyinaNatalia NWS

Moscow tau dhau los ua qhov chaw nres tom ntej hauv nws lub neej tsis khoom, tag nrho ntawm kev txav tshiab thiab kev xav tsis nco qab. Nyob rau hauv lub peev, raws li kev pom zoo ntawm Konstantin Simonov, nws nkag mus rau hauv Gorky Literary Institute nyob rau hauv absentia. Qhov no tau nthuav txoj hauv kev rau kev ua haujlwm kev sau ntawv. Cov style ntawm nws cov feuilletons tau hloov pauv, suav nrog cov kev xav ntawm cov neeg nyiam Soviet thiab kev xav tsis thoob txog lub neej Soviet. Tsis tas li ntawd, Natalya Ilyina xav tias yuav tsum tau muab nws lub neej tso rau hauv daim ntawv, yog li tsis zoo li lub neej ntawm cov pej xeem Soviet.

Ib tug poj niam hluas pib sau ib phau ntawv sau txog tus kheej "Rov qab", lub tswv yim tseem ceeb uas yog txoj hmoo nyuaj ntawm cov neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw. Tom qab tag nrho, xijpeem koj ua tiav nyob rau hauv ib lub teb chaws txawv teb chaws, tag nrho cov no yog ephemeral thiab tshee, ua rau cov xuab zeb thiab nyob ntawm txhua qhov ua tsis taus pa ntawm cov cua. Hauv kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw, koj yog ib tus neeg tsis muaj daim ntawv hla tebchaws, tus nqi thib ob thiab feem ntau humiliated. Thawj txoj hauj lwm hais txog Lavxias teb sab diaspora, sau nyob rau hauv cov piv txwv ntawm nws tus kheej kev paub, aroused sincere neeg nyeem txaus siab.

Ilyina txoj haujlwm yog qhov qhia meej tias muaj txiaj ntsig hauv lub neej uas yuav tsum tsis txhob tso tseg: kev hwm tus kheej, kev ywj pheej sab hauv, lub siab dawb paug, kev nkag siab zoo. Tham txog keeb kwm ntawm nws tsev neeg noble, lub intonation heev ntawm prose muab nqi zog rau cov nyeem nrog ib tug tsis nco qab kev nkag siab ntawm tus qauv, inherent nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab txawj ntse thiab kab lis kev cai.

Ntalia Ilina

Lub koob meej thoob plaws tuaj rau Ilyina tom qab "Khrushchev thaw", thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm nquag pib luam tawm nws cov caustic,witty feuilletons uas thuam cov txheej txheem tsis zoo ntawm kev sau ntawv thiab lub xeev lub neej ("Dubious freshness", "Automobile psychosis", "Belogorsk fortress", "Tales of the Bryansk hav zoov", "Birthday").

Ilyina Natalya Iosifovna (duab ntawm Lavxias lub sijhawm ntawm lub neej pom saum toj no) yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev xav tsis zoo, muaj kev lom zem me ntsis, tuaj yeem luag ntawm nws tus kheej. Nrog kev zoo siab, kev ua siab loj, nws yooj yim ua yeeb ncuab, tsis zoo li feem ntau, nws tau sau zoo txog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg thiab tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm Soviet kev lag luam, hais txog cov ntaub ntawv "secretary" mediocre. Ua ib tug neeg dawb huv, Natalia nyob hauv kev sib raug zoo nrog nws lub siab. Nyob rau hauv lub neej, nws yog ib tug zoo heev storyteller thiab ib tug nthuav kev sib tham: insightful, light, sharp.

Books los ntawm Ilyina Natalia

Xyoo 1960, tus sau zaj dab neeg tau pib luam tawm hauv cov ntawv cais: "Txhua yam yog sau ntawm no", "Lwm yam yog qhov teeb meem loj", "Luminous scoreboards", "Ib yam tsis lo ntawm no." Korney Chukovsky nyiam nyeem nws cov parodies, tart thiab tuab, nrov nrov, thiab Tvardovsky nyiam tshaj tawm cov feuilletons ci ntsa iab hauv Novy Mir. Ilyina tej hauj lwm kuj tau luam tawm los ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm Krokodil thiab Yunost.

Txoj kev thiab txoj hmoo ntawm Ilyina Natalya Iosifovna

Tus kws sau ntawv Lavxias Ilyina Natalya Iosifovna tsis khaws cov ntawv teev npe, tab sis tau ntau xyoo nws tau sau ntawv rau ntawm daim ntawv qhia hnub, maj nrawm sau qee yam ntawm cov nplooj ntawv cais thiab muab tso rau hauv ib daim ntawv tais ceev tseg. Qee lub sij hawm ib feem ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntawv teev npe tau xaus rau hauv cov phau ntawv, tab sis cov ntawv tseem ceeb tseem nyobtsis luam tawm. Nyob rau hauv phau ntawv kawg ntawm memoirs "Txoj Kev thiab Txoj hmoo", tus sau tau hais txog txoj hmoo nyuaj ntawm Lavxias teb sab emigrant yuam tawm mus rau Shanghai los ntawm lub kiv puag ncig yoj, hais txog lub iab ntawm lub neej nyob rau hauv ib tug txawv teb chaws av thiab kev xyiv fab ntawm rov qab los.

Kev sau nkauj, cov qauv ntawm qhov no pab kom hnov hauv ib lub kwj deg ntau yam ntawm cov neeg tau ntsib los ntawm Natalya Ilyina ntawm txoj kev ntawm lub neej. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim los nyeem, tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev saj zoo thiab ntau tus kheej-irony. Cov lus piav qhia ntawm phau ntawv cov cim yog qhov tseeb thiab ua tib zoo ntsuas, tsis tas siv cov clichés thiab kev tsim khoom.

Lub neej ntawm tus kws sau ntawv Lavxias

Tus sau Ilyina Natalya Iosifovna nyiam tsim los ntawm lub neej. Xws li yog nws lub neej: dav dav thiab tus kheej, lom zem, iab, nrog lub neej tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab. Tus kws sau ntawv tau txaus siab rau txoj hmoo ntawm cov neeg sib txawv: nrov thiab tsis paub, zoo thiab tsis zoo, cov laus thiab cov hluas, cov neeg paub qub thiab cov phooj ywg zoo sib xws. Yooj yim rau kev sib cuag nrog tib neeg, nws yog thawj zaug uas nws txhais tes. Ntawm nws cov phooj ywg, kws sau ntawv thiab cov kws ua yeeb yam, muaj ntau tus neeg ua yeeb yam. Natalya Ilyina ua phooj ywg nrog Anna Andreevna Akhmatova, Alexander Vertinsky, Korney Chukovsky. Hauv tsev neeg lub neej, Natalia zoo siab nrog Alexander Reformatsky, tus kws paub lus Lavxias zoo heev.