Intervals yog Suab paj nruag literacy for beginners
Intervals yog Suab paj nruag literacy for beginners

Video: Intervals yog Suab paj nruag literacy for beginners

Video: Intervals yog Suab paj nruag literacy for beginners
Video: nkauj hmoob zoo nkauj. 2024, Cuaj hlis
Anonim

Lo lus "interval" yog siv ntau lub ntsiab lus. Hauv suab paj nruag, ntu ntu yog consonances uas muaj ob lub suab. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lawv tuaj yeem sib txawv. Muaj qhov yooj yim thiab sib xyaw ua ke, augmented thiab ploj zuj zus (tus yam ntxwv, tritones), consonant thiab dissonant, nrog rau melodic thiab harmonic. Qhov no yuav tham ntxiv.

intervals nws
intervals nws

Lub ntsiab lus

Ntau tus kws tshawb fawb tau sau tseg tias qhov ncua sij hawm yog qee lub sijhawm, qhov deb ntawm qee yam lossis kev so. Yog li, piv txwv li, nws tuaj yeem yog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov tub rog lossis cov tub rog. Tsis tas li, lo lus no qhia txog lub sijhawm.

Hauv suab paj nruag, ntu ntu yog qhov sib piv ntawm qhov siab ntawm ob lub suab. Lawv tuaj yeem hloov pauv. Tej ntu no hu ua melodic. Yog hais tias lub suab tau txais ib txhij, ces lawv lub npe yog harmonic.

intervals ntawm monotonicity
intervals ntawm monotonicity

music interval

Raws li tau hais los saum no, ntu ntu yog consonances uas muaj ob lub suab(ob kauj ruam ntawm fret). Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lawv tuaj yeem sib txawv. Los ntawm ib kauj ruam mus rau kaum tsib. Lub suab sab saum toj ntawm ib ntu yog hu ua sab saum toj, thiab hauv qab yog hu ua lub hauv paus. Muaj melodic thiab harmonic, consonant thiab dissonant, yooj yim thiab compound, nce thiab tsawg (tritons, yam ntxwv).

kev paub suab paj nruag rau beginners
kev paub suab paj nruag rau beginners

Lub caij nyoog muaj ob qhov tseem ceeb: thawj - lub suab, qhov thib ob - cov kauj ruam. Tus nqi suab txiav txim siab pes tsawg lub tones nyob rau hauv ib lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb. Yog li, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub prime muaj xoom tones, nyob rau hauv ib tug loj thib ob - ib lub suab, nyob rau hauv ib tug me thib peb - ib tug thiab ib nrab tones, thiab hais txog. Tus nqi kauj ruam ua rau nws paub meej tias muaj pes tsawg cov kauj ruam no los yog lub caij nyoog npog. Yog li, piv txwv li, hauv ib lub quart muaj plaub kauj ruam, tsis hais seb nws puas yog ntshiab, nce lossis txo. Ntawd yog, tus nqi suab twb cuam tshuam rau ntawm no. Yog tias plaub yog dawb huv, ces nws yuav tsum muaj plaub kauj ruam thiab 2.5 tones. Yog tias plaub raug txo, ces muaj plaub theem, tab sis twb muaj ob lub suab. Raws li, nyob rau hauv ib tug loj quart tib tus naj npawb ntawm cov kauj ruam, tab sis peb tones. Peb pheej tham txog lub suab thiab semitone. Cia peb nyob ntawm cov ntsiab lus no kom ntxaws ntxiv.

Tone thiab semitone

Tone - qhov kev ncua deb ntawm ob lub suab uas nyob ib sab, muaj ob lub suab nrov. Cia peb xav txog lawv tsuas yog los ntawm cov yuam sij dawb. Cov no yog cov suab: do - re, la - si, re - mi, ntsev - la, fa - ntsev. Coob tus kws qhia ntawv, piav qhia lub ntsiab lus no rau menyuam yaus, taw qhia tias yog tias muaj qhov yuam sij dub ntawm ob lub yuam sij dawb, qhov no yog lub suab, thiab yog tias tsis muaj qhov yuam sij dub, qhov no yog ib qho semitone.

Hauv suab paj nruag, semitone yogqhov luv tshaj ntawm ob lub suab uas nyob ib sab. Cov no yog cov suab uas seem: si - ua thiab mi - fa.

solfeggio lub sijhawm
solfeggio lub sijhawm

Tones thiab semitones yog tsim tsis yog los ntawm cov yuam sij dawb xwb, tab sis kuj muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog cov yuam sij dub. Yog li, piv txwv li, si - c-sharp thiab mi - f-sharp - qhov no yog ib lub suab. Tab sis: D - E flat, C - D tiaj, A - B tiaj, G ntse - A, F sharp - G (thiab lwm yam) - cov no yog semitones.

kev sib nrug yooj yim

Tsis muaj ntau tshaj ib octave. Tsuas muaj yim leej xwb. Nov yog:

  • Prima. Npog ib kauj ruam thiab muaj xoom tones.
  • Thib ob yog ib ntus uas muaj ob kauj ruam. Nws tshwm sim loj thiab me. Qhov thib ob loj yog ib lub suab, ib tug me thib ob yog ib nrab lub suab.
  • Thirtia. Npog peb kauj ruam. Ib yam li ob, nws tuaj yeem ua me thiab loj. Tus me muaj ib tug thiab ib nrab lub suab, thiab ib tug loj muaj ob.
  • Quart. Muaj ob thiab ib nrab lub suab thiab plaub kauj ruam hauv lub sijhawm no. Nws tshwm sim nkaus xwb.
  • Quinta. Npog tsib kauj ruam thiab muaj peb thiab ib nrab tones. Ib yam li lub quart, nws tuaj yeem huv si. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias muaj peb lub suab thiab plaub theem hauv plaub, ces qhov no yog qhov loj thib plaub. Yog tias muaj tib lub suab nrov thiab tsib kauj ruam hauv ib thib tsib, ces qhov no yog qhov txo qis thib tsib. Tej ntu no tseem hu ua newts.
  • Sexta muaj rau qib. Ib tug loj thib rau muaj plaub thiab ib nrab tones. Me - plaub lub suab.
  • Septima npog xya kauj ruam. Tus me thib xya muaj tsib lub suab. Loj - tawm ntawm tsib thiab ib nrab.
  • Lub octave muaj yim kauj ruam. Nws tsuas yog dawb huv xwb. Muaj rau lub suab.
semitone hauv suab paj nruag
semitone hauv suab paj nruag

Kev sib xyaw ua ke

Kev paub suab paj nruag rau cov neeg pib tshiab muaj cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog hais txog lub sijhawm yooj yim xwb, tab sis kuj hais txog qhov sib xyaw ua ke. Cov no yog cov ntu uas ntau tshaj ib octave.

  • Nona - muaj cuaj kauj ruam. Cias muab, qhov no yog ib tug thib ob los ntawm octave.
  • Decima - muaj kaum kauj ruam. Raws li, qhov no yog qhov thib peb tom qab octave.
  • Undecima - muaj kaum ib kauj ruam. Yuav kom tsim tau nws, koj yuav tsum tau sawv ntawm lub suab no los ntawm ib tug plaub los ntawm ib tug octave.
  • Duodecima - npog kaum ob kauj ruam. Nov yog thib tsib tom qab octave.
  • Terzdecima - muaj kaum peb kauj ruam. Raws li, qhov no yog thib rau ntawm ib qho octave.
  • Quartdecima - muaj kaum plaub kauj ruam. Txhawm rau tsim nws, koj yuav tsum tau nce los ntawm ib lub suab mus rau xya mus txog rau octave.
  • Quintdecima - npog kaum tsib kauj ruam. Nov yog ob octave.
suab thiab semitone
suab thiab semitone

Tom qab quintdecimals ib ntus tsis muaj npe.

Invert intervals

Txhua qhov kev paub suab paj nruag rau cov neeg pib tshiab muaj cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog hais txog lub sijhawm, tab sis kuj hais txog lawv cov kev hloov pauv. Thiab qhov no, qhov tseeb, yog kev hloov ntawm lub hauv paus (suab qis) ib qho octave nce lossis saum toj (sab saum toj suab) ib qho octave down. Hauv qhov no, lub suab qis thiab sab saud raug thim rov qab.

Pure prima hloov mus rau hauv lub octave ntshiab. Ib tug me thib ob hloov mus ua ib tug loj thib xya. Qhov thib ob loj dhau los ua tus thib xya me.

lub sijhawm thib ob
lub sijhawm thib ob

Tus thib peb yog tus thib rau loj. Qhov loj thib peb hloov mus rau hauv me me thib rau. Ntshiabib quart hloov mus ua ib tug zoo meej thib tsib (thiab vice versa).

Yog, cov huv si tig mus rau cov huv, cov me tig mus rau cov loj (thiab vice versa), cov loj loj tig mus rau cov uas txo qis (thiab vice versa).

Hais ntawm lawv lub suab, txhua qhov sib haum xeeb yog ob hom: consonant thiab dissonant.

Consonance yog ib tug consonant thiab zoo suab. Nws yog txuam nrog ib tug calm lub xeev, nws yog yus muaj los ntawm tsis muaj kev ntshaw. Consonant intervals muab faib ua:

  • Zoo meej consonance - ntshiab octave thiab ntshiab prima.
  • Perfect consonance - thib tsib thiab plaub.
  • Imperfect consonance - me thib peb thiab thib rau, loj thib peb thiab thib rau.

Dissonance is the antagonism of consonance. Rau pob ntseg, qhov no yog lub suab nrov, tsis sib xws. Lub suab ntawm dissonances hauv suab paj nruag yog dav siv los qhia ntau yam kev xav ntawm tib neeg: kev ntxhov siab, ntxhov siab, kev zoo siab. Kev tsis sib haum xeeb, zoo li cov kev xav zoo siab no, yuav tsum muaj kev daws teeb meem. Ntawd yog, lawv txhua tus siv zog rau consonance. Ntawm cov kev tsis sib haum xeeb, nws tsim nyog sau cia: me thiab loj thib ob thiab xya, tritones, cov yam ntxwv ntu.

Monotonicity intervals

Music muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo los ua tus tswv ntawm peb lub hlwb. Txhua yam hais txog nws yog abstract. Tib neeg lub siab nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kwj ntawm lub suab paub txog kev xav thiab kev xav, lub hauv paus lub tswv yim. Lub suab paj nruag ntaub yog woven los ntawm tonal nrug ntawm lub suab thiab chords. Ntau tus tau hnov txog cov ntsiab lus xws li gamma, lub voj voog ntawm tsib, kev hloov pauv, thiab lwm yam. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog tag nrhopaub dab tsi monotonicity intervals yog.

Marina Korsakova-Krein (tus kws kho mob neuropsychologist) tau ua ntau yam kev sim los txheeb xyuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov neeg mloog rau qhov no lossis cov suab paj nruag.

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm thawj qhov kev sim yog los kawm txog tib neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau qhov sib txawv ntawm txhua tus yuam sij thiab hom. Rau lwm qhov kev sim, ib qho loj loj tau xaiv thiab luv luv thiab monotonous sequences tau sau. Monotony yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov neeg mloog kom mloog zoo rau qhov kev xav ntawm qhov kev ncua deb hauv qhov chaw tonal. Rau qhov kev sim thib ob, qhov yooj yim chord chains tau siv, nrog rau ntu ntawm cov suab paj nruag classical thiab romantic.

Yog li, lub ncauj lus no tau ua tib zoo txiav txim siab hauv cov lus qhia solfeggio. Intervals muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus. Cov no yog: lub sij hawm lub sij hawm, nyob deb, thiab tseem so. Hauv suab paj nruag, ib ntus yog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm ob lub suab, uas tuaj yeem sib txawv kiag li. Muaj qhov yooj yim thiab sib xyaw ua ke, augmented thiab ploj zuj zus (tus yam ntxwv, tritones), consonant thiab dissonant, nrog rau melodic thiab harmonic. Lub sijhawm yooj yim yog nyob rau hauv ib qho octave. Compound intervals mus dhau lub octave. Consonant intervals muaj lub suab zoo. Dissonants suab hnyav thiab xav tau kev daws teeb meem.

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