Indian suab paj nruag: hlua, cua, percussion
Indian suab paj nruag: hlua, cua, percussion

Video: Indian suab paj nruag: hlua, cua, percussion

Video: Indian suab paj nruag: hlua, cua, percussion
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Anonim

nkauj hmoob hu tau kho siab heev hnub no. Melodies nrog lub teb chaws tsw yog intertwined nrog niaj hnub sawv daws yuav, muab cov compositions ib tug tshwj xeeb suab thiab tshiab tob. Yog li ntawd, niaj hnub no Indian suab paj nruag feem ntau hnov tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej rau lub ancient xeev, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv concerts ntawm nto moo ua yeeb yam. Lawv cov yam ntxwv thiab keeb kwm yuav tau tham hauv qab no.

indian suab paj nruag instruments
indian suab paj nruag instruments

Music of India

Lub suab paj nruag ntawm Indian kev vam meej yog hauv paus hauv yav dhau los tob. Cov kev taw qhia classical originates nyob rau hauv lub "Samaveda" los yog "Veda ntawm chants", ib tug ntawm cov laus tshaj Vedic treatises. Cov suab paj nruag pej xeem ntawm Is Nrias teb muaj nws tus yam ntxwv nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm keeb kwm. Nws muaj ntau yam kev lig kev cai thiab offshoots tseem nrov heev niaj hnub no.

Cov suab paj nruag classical thiab pej xeem ntawm lub xeev thaum lub sij hawm Muslim conquest absorbed ib co ntawm cov kab lig kev cai ntawm lub ntiaj teb no Arab. Tom qab ntawd, thaumcolonization, nws tau cuam tshuam los ntawm European kab lis kev cai yam ntxwv.

Txoj kev thoob ntiaj teb

Indian suab paj nruag tshwj xeeb, thiab suab paj nruag ntawm lub xeev qub feem ntau, tau dhau los ua neeg ntiaj teb nto moo ua tsaug rau lawv siv los ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam nrov. Ib tug ntawm cov thawj uas tig mus rau lawv nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe yog cov tswv cuab ntawm lub npe nrov Liverpool Plaub. George Harrison siv Indian sitar ntawm Norwegian Ntoo (Cov noog no tau ya). Briton John McLaughlin tau ua ntau yam kom nrov suab paj nruag ntawm lub xeev qub. Nws jazz fusion feem ntau adorned nrog Indian motifs.

koob meej rau suab paj nruag kab lis kev cai ntawm lub teb chaws tau coj los ntawm ntau yam kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem: hippies, hnub nyoog tshiab thiab lwm yam. Thiab tau kawg, xinesmas tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv qhov teeb meem no.

Ob txoj kev

Classical Indian suab paj nruag muab faib ua ob ceg:

  • Hindustani: keeb kwm nyob rau sab qaum teb Is Nrias teb;
  • karnataka: originates hauv South India.

Txhua qhov kev taw qhia tau ua los ntawm nws tus kheej cov cuab yeej. Ua raws li Hindustani kab lig kev cai, sitar, sarod, tanpur, bansuri, tabla, shenai thiab sarangi feem ntau ua si. Cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag South Indian siv lub vina, lub raj nplaim ntev lossis cov leeg, gottuvadyam, mridangam, kanjira, ghatam, thiab violin. Cia wb mus saib qee yam ntawm cov cuab yeej no.

Indian tabla drum

Indian nruas
Indian nruas

Tabla feem ntau hu ua ib lub cim ntawm Indian suab paj nruag. Qhov no yog ib lub nruas me me.siv los qhia txog lub ntsiab lus sib dhos hauv Hindustani kev lig kev cai. Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm tabla tsis paub. Tej zaum, cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua si qhov ntsuas no thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm nws cov qauv tsim tau tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm Khab, Persian thiab lwm yam kev cai.

Rooj muaj ob lub nruas, sib txawv ntawm qhov loj thiab cov yam ntxwv. Qhov loj dua yog hu ua "tabla" lossis "daya" lossis "dayan" lossis "dahin". Nws ib txwm nyob ntawm sab xis thiab txawv ntawm qee qhov nta:

  • qhov siab feem ntau ncav cuag 30-36cm;
  • zoo li lub thoob nrog rau sab saum toj txiav txog 15 cm inch;
  • lub cev hollow tsim los ntawm cov ntoo hollowed.

Lub nruas sab laug hu ua "dagga", lossis "bayan", thiab qis dua qhov siab mus rau sab xis, tab sis tshaj nws qhov dav. Nws tus qauv tsim tau txawv los ntawm cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:

  • qhov siab yog li 5cm qis dua Dahin's;
  • zoo li lub tais;
  • ua los ntawm tooj liab, tooj dag lossis av nplaum;
  • lub cev kuj hollow.

Cov daim nyias nyias ntawm ob qhov chaw ntawm tabla yog ua los ntawm tawv thiab coated nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb muaj pes tsawg leeg uas cuam tshuam rau lub timbre. Cov txheej no tsim ib qho kev nthuav qhia lub suab qauv yam ntxwv ntawm lub ntsuas, ua rau nws hloov tau nyob rau hauv suab, dynamic thiab technical.

indian stringed musical instrument
indian stringed musical instrument

Zoo tshaj plawsIb qho zoo-paub Indian stringed suab paj nruag yog lub sitar, los yog sitar. Nws belongs rau pawg lute thiab muaj peev xwm tsim ib lub suab palette uas tsis muaj rau ntau yam zoo sib xws.

Lub sitar muaj xya txoj hlua tseem ceeb thiab 11 txog 13 ntxiv lossis cov hlua resonator. Thaum lub sijhawm ua yeeb yam, tus kws ntaus nkauj siv cov hlua tseem ceeb, tus so teb rau lawv lub suab. Yog li ntawd, cov suab paj nruag ua tob thiab ntau dua. Ib tug sitar nyob rau hauv no hwm yuav muab piv rau tag nrho cov orchestra. Txhawm rau ua si cov cuab yeej plucked no, siv tus neeg nruab nrab tshwj xeeb - lub mizrab. Nyob rau hauv cov duab, nws zoo li ib tug ntev claw thiab txuas mus rau lub Performance index ntiv tes ntawm sab tes xis.

Lub ntsiab feature ntawm lub sitar yog ib tug resonator ua los ntawm ib tug pear-puab gourd. Feem ntau, cov twj paj nruag kuj tau nruab nrog lub suab nrov ntxiv, uas txuas rau saum lub caj dab.

Zoo ib yam hauv cov qauv rau lub sitar yog esraj, lub suab paj nruag nrog nees nkaum txoj hlua. Hneev nti yog siv los ua si. Qhov kev npaj ntawm cov hlua ua rau nws muaj feem xyuam rau lub sitar. Estraj sawv ntau tom qab - txog 200 xyoo dhau los. Lub sijhawm kwv yees ntawm qhov tsos ntawm sitar yog lub xyoo pua 13th.

Krishna Flute

suab paj nruag haiv neeg
suab paj nruag haiv neeg

Ntau lub suab paj nruag Indian muaj lawv cov hauv paus hauv keeb kwm yav dhau los. Lawv cov duab muaj nyob rau hauv cov lus piav qhia hauv cov ntawv dawb ceev. Ntawm cov cuab yeej no yog bansuri flute. Ib tug ntawm nws ntau yam yog revered li ib tug hlub los ntawm tus vajtswv Vishnu.

Bansuri yog tsim los ntawm xyoob stalk. 6-7 qhov yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub cuab yeej rau rho tawm suab, nrog rau 1-2qhov kawg ntawm lub flute rau nws tuning. Muaj longitudinal thiab transverse ntau yam ntawm cov twj paj nruag. Cov qub no feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv pej xeem suab paj nruag. Nyob rau hauv classical ib, lub transverse flute yog siv.

bansuri flute
bansuri flute

Qhov ntev ntawm bansuri txawv ntawm 12 txog 40 ntiv tes. Feem ntau siv yog 20-nti flute. Qhov ntev ntawm bansuri, qhov qis dua lub suab tau muab rho tawm los ntawm nws tuaj yeem ua tau. Raws li txoj cai, kev ua si lub raj nplaim yog nrog nrog kev sib txuas, uas tampura (ib txoj hlua plucked zoo ib yam li sitar, tab sis tsis muaj frets) thiab tabla siv ntau dua li lwm tus.

Kanjira

esraj instrumental
esraj instrumental

Nyob rau hauv South Indian kev lig kev cai, ntawm lwm yam percussion instruments, lub kanjira yog siv. Nws yog tambourine nrog lub hauv paus ntawm jackfruit ntoo. Kanjira yog me me: txoj kab uas hla - 17-19 cm, qhov tob - 5-10 cm. Ib daim nyias nyias ntawm lizard daim tawv nqaij yog stretched rau ntawm ib tug ntoo puag ntawm ib sab, rau lwm yam yog qhib. Nyob rau sab, ob daim hlau ua rau ntawm tus ncej ntawm kanjira.

Cov cuab yeej ntaus suab nkauj no tau tshwm sim hauv 30s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem thiab feem ntau yog siv hauv pej xeem suab paj nruag.

Sacred Drum

Indian sitar
Indian sitar

Mridanga tau hnov ntau zaus nrog rau kanjira. Nws yog ib qho cuab yeej percussion zoo li lub nruas. Hauv kev cai dab qhuas ntawm Bengali Vaishnavism yog suav tias yog dawb huv.

Mridanga lub cev yog ua los ntawm av nplaum, ntoo lossis yas. Qhov kev xaiv kawg yog qhov kev hloov kho tshiab kawg, raws li cov kws tshaj lij, nws tsis tuaj yeem nthuav tawm txhua qhov muaj peev xwm.zoo li lub nruas. Lub mridanga membrane yog tsim los ntawm nyuj los yog nyuj tawv. Raws li kev lig kev cai, cov tsiaj yuav tsum tuag ib tug natural kev tuag. Lub membrane ntawm mridanga yog coated nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb compound uas muaj xws li av nplaum, nplej hmoov thiab ib tug hmoov ntawm tej yam pob zeb.

Lub cuab tam tseem siv niaj hnub no rau kev ua koob tsheej. Tus tsim ntawm mridanga muaj lub ntsiab lus dawb ceev.

Snake Charmer's Tool

indian musical instruments: pungi flute
indian musical instruments: pungi flute

Lwm yam ntxim nyiam Indian suab paj nruag yog pungi. Ib tug txheeb ze nyob deb ntawm clarinet yog siv nyob rau hauv txoj kev ntawm lub teb chaws los conjure nab. Pungi muaj qhov txawv txav. Lub qhov ncauj txuas nrog rau lub tshuab cua, nyob rau sab nraud uas muaj ob lub raj. Cov tom kawg yog ua los ntawm cane los yog ntoo. Dried gourd feem ntau yog siv rau lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg thiab cua chamber.

nab charmer's instrument - pungi flute
nab charmer's instrument - pungi flute

Txhawm rau rho tawm cov suab paj nruag los ntawm punga, siv cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua pa tsis tu ncua. Tus kws ntaus suab paj nruag rub tawm hauv huab cua los ntawm qhov ntswg thiab yuav luag tam sim ntawd thawb nws tawm nrog kev pab ntawm tus nplaig thiab lub puab tsaig los ntawm lub qhov ncauj.

Cov cuab yeej suab paj nruag Indian uas tau piav qhia saum toj no tsis suav nrog ntau haiv neeg uas tau tsim ntau pua xyoo nyob rau thaj chaw ntawm lub xeev qub. Niaj hnub no, ntau ntawm lawv tuaj yeem hnov txog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov neeg nyiam Asmeskas thiab European ua yeeb yam. Cov suab paj nruag haiv neeg niaj hnub no muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog ntau hom thiab cov qauv, muab lawv qhov tshwj xeeb tsw. Hauv Is Nrias teb, cov twj paj nruag ib txwm tsis tau poob lawv qhov cuam tshuam tag nrho. Lawv tseemyog siv ob qho tib si thaum hnub so thiab hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev pabcuam kev ntseeg. Koj tuaj yeem kawm paub ua cov cuab yeej no hauv ntau lub nroog ntawm peb lub tebchaws, tab sis cov kws qhia zoo tshaj plaws, uas tsis yog cov txheej txheem nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov ntsiab lus xav tau, tseem nyob hauv Is Nrias teb.

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