Japanese painting. Niaj hnub nimno Japanese painting
Japanese painting. Niaj hnub nimno Japanese painting

Video: Japanese painting. Niaj hnub nimno Japanese painting

Video: Japanese painting. Niaj hnub nimno Japanese painting
Video: Da Vang - Puas Yog Nyuab2 Koj (nkauj tawm tshiab 2021) 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Japanese painting yog daim ntawv qub tshaj plaws thiab zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov kos duab zoo nkauj uas muaj ntau yam txuj ci thiab cov qauv. Thoob plaws hauv nws keeb kwm, nws tau dhau los ntawm ntau qhov kev hloov pauv. Cov kab lig kev cai tshiab thiab lwm hom tau ntxiv, thiab cov ntsiab lus Japanese tseem nyob. Nrog rau keeb kwm zoo kawg nkaus ntawm Nyij Pooj, cov duab kos kuj tau npaj los nthuav qhia ntau qhov tseeb thiab nthuav dav.

Ancient Nyiv

thawj cov qauv ntawm Japanese painting tshwm sim nyob rau hauv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm lub teb chaws, txawm ua ntej Tswv Yexus. e. Tom qab ntawd, kos duab tau zoo nkauj primitive. Ua ntej, hauv 300 B. C. e., ntau cov duab geometric tau tshwm sim, uas tau ua rau ntawm lub lauj kaub tais diav nrog kev pab los ntawm sticks. Xws li kev tshawb pom los ntawm archaeologists raws li ib qho ornament ntawm bronze tswb belongs rau lub sij hawm tom qab.

Japanese painting
Japanese painting

Me ntsis tom qab, twb yog 300 AD. e., pob zeb paintings tshwm sim, uas muaj ntau haiv neeg ntau tshaj geometric ornament. Cov no yog tag nrho cov duab nrog cov duab. Lawv tau pom nyob rau hauv cov crypts, thiab tej zaum cov neeg uas pleev xim rau lawv tau muab faus rau hauv cov faus neeg no.

In the 7th century A. D. e. Nyiv txais ib tsab ntawv uaslos ntawm Tuam Tshoj. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, thawj paintings los ntawm muaj. Ces painting tshwm raws li ib cheeb tsam ntawm art.

Edo

Edo yog deb ntawm thawj zaug thiab tsis yog lub tsev kawm ntawv kawg ntawm Japanese painting, tab sis nws yog nws uas coj ntau yam tshiab rau kab lis kev cai. Ua ntej, nws yog qhov ci ntsa iab thiab ci ntsa iab uas tau ntxiv rau cov txheej txheem niaj hnub, ua hauv cov xim dub thiab grey. Sotasu suav hais tias yog tus kws tshaj lij tshaj plaws ntawm cov qauv no. Nws tsim cov duab classic, tab sis nws cov cim muaj xim zoo nkauj heev. Tom qab ntawd, nws tau hloov mus rau qhov xwm txheej, thiab feem ntau ntawm cov toj roob hauv pes tau ua tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm gilding.

Japanese painting style
Japanese painting style

Thib ob, thaum lub sijhawm Edo, kab txawv, hom namban, tshwm sim. Nws siv cov txheej txheem niaj hnub European thiab Suav, uas tau cuam tshuam nrog cov qauv Japanese tsoos.

Thiab thib peb, lub tsev kawm ntawv Nang tshwm. Nyob rau hauv nws, cov kws ua yeeb yam ua ntej ua qauv tag nrho lossis txawm luam cov haujlwm ntawm Suav masters. Tom qab ntawd ib ceg tshiab tshwm, uas hu ua bunjinga.

Modernization period

Lub sijhawm Edo hloov pauv Meiji, thiab tam sim no Japanese painting raug yuam kom nkag mus rau theem tshiab ntawm kev txhim kho. Lub sijhawm no, hom xws li sab hnub poob thiab cov zoo li tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam thoob ntiaj teb, yog li kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm kev kos duab tau dhau los ua ib qho xwm txheej ntawm lub xeev. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv Nyij Pooj, ib lub tebchaws uas txhua tus neeg hwm kev coj noj coj ua, lub sijhawm no qhov xwm txheej tau txawv ntawm qhov tshwm sim hauv lwm lub tebchaws. Ntawm no, kev sib tw ntawm European thiab cov kws tshaj lij hauv zos tau nce siab.

Japanese painting tsev kawm ntawv
Japanese painting tsev kawm ntawv

Tsoomfwv ntawm theem no muab qhov nyiam rau cov tub ntxhais hluas ua yeeb yam uas tau cog lus zoo los txhim kho lawv cov kev txawj ntse hauv Western style. Yog li lawv xa lawv mus rau cov tsev kawm ntawv hauv Europe thiab Amelikas.

Tab sis nws tsuas yog thaum pib ntawm lub sijhawm. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov neeg paub zoo tau thuam Western kos duab heev. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj ntawm qhov teeb meem no, European cov qauv thiab cov tswv yim pib raug txwv los ntawm kev nthuav tawm, lawv cov zaub tau nres, nrog rau lawv qhov chaw.

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm European styles

Tom ntej los txog lub caij Taisho. Lub sijhawm no, cov tub ntxhais hluas ua yeeb yam uas tau ncaim mus kawm hauv tsev kawm txawv teb chaws rov qab los rau lawv lub tebchaws. Lawm, lawv coj nrog lawv cov qauv tshiab ntawm Japanese painting, uas zoo ib yam li cov European. Impressionism thiab post-impressionism tshwm sim.

Japanese ink painting
Japanese ink painting

Nyob rau theem no, ntau lub tsev kawm ntawv tau tsim nyob rau hauv uas cov txheej txheem Japanese thaum ub tau rov kho dua. Tab sis nws tsis muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov kev xav ntawm Western. Yog li ntawd, peb yuav tsum tau muab ob peb txoj kev los ua kom haum ob tus neeg nyiam ntawm cov classics thiab cov kiv cua ntawm niaj hnub European painting.

Qee lub tsev kawm ntawv tau txais nyiaj los ntawm lub xeev, ua tsaug uas ntau lub tebchaws tau khaws cia. Cov tub lag luam ntiag tug, ntawm qhov tod tes, raug yuam kom ua raws li cov neeg siv khoom uas xav tau yam tshiab, lawv nkees ntawm classics.

Painting thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob

Tom qab pib ua tsov rog, Japanese painting tseem nyob deb ntawm cov xwm txheej rau qee lub sijhawm. Nws tsim nyias thiab ywj siab. Tab sis nws ua tsis tau li no mus ib txhis.

Lub sijhawm dhau mus, thaum qhov xwm txheej kev nom kev tswv hauv tebchaws tau hnyav zuj zus, cov neeg siab thiab hwm cov neeg nyiam ntau tus kws ua yeeb yam. Qee tus ntawm lawv, txawm tias thaum pib ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, pib tsim nyob rau hauv cov qauv kev hlub. Tus so pib txheej txheem no tsuas yog los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm.

Raws li, Japanese cov txuj ci zoo nkauj thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob tsis tuaj yeem txhim kho tshwj xeeb. Yog li ntawd, rau kev pleev xim, nws tuaj yeem hu ua stagnant.

Japanese sumi-e painting, los yog suibokuga, txhais tau tias "tus cwj mem painting". Qhov no txiav txim siab cov style thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm daim duab no. Nws tuaj ntawm Tuam Tshoj, tab sis cov Japanese txiav txim siab muab nws lub npe. Thiab thaum xub thawj cov txheej txheem tsis muaj qhov zoo nkauj sab. Nws tau siv los ntawm cov hauj sam rau kev txhim kho tus kheej thaum kawm Zen. Ntxiv mus, thaum xub thawj lawv kos duab, thiab tom qab ntawd lawv tau cob qhia lawv qhov kev xav thaum saib lawv. Cov txiv plig ntseeg tias cov kab nruj, qhov muag plooj thiab cov duab ntxoov ntxoo pab ua kom zoo tag nrho - txhua yam hu ua monochrome.

sumi-e Japanese painting
sumi-e Japanese painting

Japanese number case painting, txawm tias muaj ntau yam duab thiab cov tswv yim, tsis yog nyuaj li nws yuav zoo li thaum xub thawj siab ib muag. Nws yog nyob ntawm tsuas yog 4 daim phiaj:

  1. Chrysanthemum.
  2. Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws.

  3. Plum ceg.
  4. xyoob ntoo.

Ib tug me me ntawm cov phiaj xwm tsis ua kom paub cov txheej txheem nrawm. Qee tus tswv ntseeg tias kev kawm yuav nyob mus ib txhis.

Txawm tiasuas sumi-e tau tshwm sim ntev dhau los, nws yog ib txwm xav tau. Ntxiv mus, hnub no koj tuaj yeem ntsib tus tswv ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv no tsis yog hauv Nyij Pooj nkaus xwb, nws tau nthuav dav thoob plaws nws cov ciam teb.

Thaum kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob, kev kos duab hauv Nyij Pooj tsuas yog nyob hauv nroog loj xwb, cov neeg zej zog thiab cov neeg zej zog muaj kev txhawj xeeb txaus. Rau feem ntau, cov kws ua yeeb yam tau sim tig lawv lub nraub qaum ntawm kev poob ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog thiab piav qhia txog lub neej hauv nroog niaj hnub nrog tag nrho nws cov embellishments thiab nta ntawm canvas. Cov tswv yim European thiab Asmeskas tau txais kev pom zoo, tab sis lub xeev ntawm txoj haujlwm no tsis kav ntev. Ntau tus tswv pib maj mam txav deb ntawm lawv mus rau cov tsev kawm ntawv Nyij Pooj.

niaj hnub Japanese painting
niaj hnub Japanese painting

Tsev style yeej ib txwm fashionable. Yog li ntawd, niaj hnub Japanese painting yuav txawv tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tua los yog cov ntaub ntawv siv nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem. Tab sis feem ntau cov kws kos duab tsis pom ntau yam kev tsim kho tshiab zoo.

Tsis txhob hais txog cov kev nyiam niaj hnub tam sim no xws li anime thiab cov qauv zoo sib xws. Ntau tus kws ua yeeb yam tab tom sim plooj txoj kab ntawm cov classics thiab qhov xav tau niaj hnub no. Feem ntau, lub xeev ntawm txoj haujlwm no yog vim kev lag luam. Classics thiab ib txwm ib hom ntawv tsis tau yuav, yog li ntawd, nws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig los ua haujlwm ua tus kws kos duab hauv koj nyiam ib hom ntawv, koj yuav tsum hloov mus rau zam.

Zoo kawg

Undoubtedly, Japanese painting yog ib qho khoom muaj nqis ntawm kev kos duab zoo. Tej zaum, lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug tseem yog tib tug uas tsis ua raws li Western tiam,tsis hloov mus rau zam. Txawm hais tias muaj ntau lub tshuab thaum lub sij hawm qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm cov tswv yim tshiab, cov neeg ua yeeb yam Japanese tseem tau tswj hwm los tiv thaiv lub teb chaws kab lis kev cai hauv ntau hom. Qhov no yog tej zaum yog vim li cas paintings ua nyob rau hauv classical styles muaj nuj nqis heev ntawm exhibitions hnub no.

Pom zoo: